A mucormycosis ritka, de magas mortalitással járó fertőzés, melyet a Mucorales rendbe tartozó gyorsan növő, hőtűrő, opportunista gombafajok okoznak immunszupprimált betegekben. Incidenciája folyamatosan emelkedik a növekvő prevalenciájú cukorbetegség, a következményeként kialakuló ketoacidosis, a gyakoribb daganatos megbetegedések, a gyakrabban végzett szerv- és őssejt-transzplantációk, a nagydózisú kortikoszteroid kezelés és az elöregedő társadalom miatt. Napjainkban a koronavírus-betegség 2019-hez asszociált terjedése miatt vált szélesebb körben ismertté. A diagnózis megállapítása a mikrobiológiai tenyésztéseken, a radiológiai és a szövettani képen alapul. Egy idős, B-sejtes krónikus limfocitás leukémia miatt 8 éve gondozás alatt álló beteg esetén keresztül mutatjuk be ennek a gyakran csak későn felfedezett betegségnek a rhino-orbito-cerebrális típusát. Mivel a kezelés késői elindítása lényegesen növeli a mortalitást, ezért hematológiai betegekben noduláris bőrelváltozás megjelenésekor gondolnunk kell mucormycosis lehetőségére, hogy az időben elkezdett gyógyszeres és/vagy műtéti terápiákkal jelentősen növelhessük páciensünk túlélési esélyeit.
Mucormycosis is a rare disease with high mortality, caused by fast-growing, heat-tolerant, opportunistic fungal species of the Mucorales order in immunosuppressed patients. Its incidence is steadily rising due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, consequent ketoacidosis, the more frequent malignancy, organ and bone marrow transplantation, the high-dose corticosteroid treatment and the ageing population. Nowadays it has become more widely known due to its association with coronavirus disease 2019 infection. Diagnosis is based on microbiological cultures, radiological and histological images. We present the rhino-orbital-cerebral type of this often late-detected disease through the case of an elderly patient under care for B-cell lymphocytic leukaemia for 8 years. Since late initiation of treatment significantly increases mortality, we should consider the possibility of mucormycosis in hematological patients whenever nodular skin lesion appears, so that timely initiation of antifungal and/or surgical therapies can significantly increase the survival.
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