A nefrogén szisztémás fibrosis, melyet korábban nefrogén fibrotizáló dermopathiaként említett az irodalom, egy ritka kórkép, mely vesebetegeknél jelentkezik. A kialakulását elsősorban gadolínium alapú MRI-kontrasztanyag alkalmazását követően észlelték beszűkült vesefunkciójú, többnyire dializált betegeken. A nefrogén szisztémás fibrosist a végtagok distalis részén kezdődő, majd a súlyosabb esetekben a tüdőt, májat, szív- és vázizomzatot is érintő fibrosis jellemzi. A betegség több szervrendszer együttes érintettsége esetén – az esetek mintegy 5%-ában – gyors lefolyású és halálos kimenetelű is lehet. Bizonyítékokon alapuló terápiája még nem ismert, de egy-egy esetben javulást észleltek vesetranszplantáció és plazmaferézis után, illetve gyógyulást írtak le extracorporalis fotoferézist követően.
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