Az emberi megbetegedések kezelésére kifejlesztett újszerű gyógymódok gyakorlati bevezetése nem egyszerű feladat. Egyrészt a modern terápiák számos kritériumnak kell hogy megfeleljenek, másrészt gyakorta szélsőséges várakozásokat kell kielégíteniük; a betegek és terapeuták euforikus hangulatát a kezdeti nehézségeket követően könnyen válthatja az új gyógymód iránti mély pesszimizmus. Ez alól a daganatok vírusok segítségével történő gyógyításának ötlete sem kivétel. Az első próbálkozásokat követően tapasztalt nehézségek, komplikációk és a tökéletes gyógyhatás elmaradása rövid időn belül az onkolitikus vírusterápia elvetéséhez vezetett. Az elmúlt évtizedek molekuláris és sejtbiológiai felfedezéseinek köszönhetően az onkolitikus vírusterápia újra reflektorfénybe került, melyet a világ több pontján jelenleg is zajló klinikai próbák követtek. A jelen összefoglaló célja az onkolitikus vírusterápia jelenlegi helyzetének bemutatása, illetve az eddigi eredmények összefoglalása.
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