A TNF-α-blokkolók bevezetése drámai változást jelentett a kezelésre refrakter IBD-ben szenvedő betegek ellátásában. Az infliximab és adalimumab is bizonyítottan hatékony a közepesen súlyos-súlyos fokú CD-, valamint az infliximab UC-remisszió indukciójában és fenntartásában, bár refrakter CD esetében a betegek 20–30, UC-ben 30–40%-a ezen terápiás eljárásokra sem reagál. A két hasonló támadáspontú szert összehasonlító vizsgálatra nem került sor, és a tanulmányok direkt összevetése nem megbízható, azonban az általános állásfoglalás alapján lényeges különbség a vegyületek hatékonyságában nincs.
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