A csontvelőben lévő mesenchymalis őssejtek multipotensek, kitűnő regenerációs készséggel rendelkeznek, sejtkultúrában nemcsak mesodermalis, hanem ectodermalis és endodermalis eredetű sejtekké is képesek differenciálódni. A regeneratív folyamatot bioaktív molekulák, speciális növekedési faktorok és vivőanyagok támogatják. A csontvelőben lévő mesenchymalis őssejtek jól felhasználhatók a sérült szövetek pótlásában és egyes betegségek gyógyításában. Az álízületek, csontdefektusok gyógyításában előnyösen alkalmazható a sejtes terápia, a csontvelőben lévő mesenchymalis őssejtekből megfelelő eljárással osteoblastok alakulnak ki. Ma már a klinikai alkalmazásról is vannak sikeres adatok. A sérült ízületi porc gyógyítása a csontvelőben lévő mesenchymalis őssejtek felhasználásával sikeresnek látszik a porcszövet regenerációjában. A kardiológia területén a myocardialis infarctus, továbbá a központi idegrendszer egyes betegségeinek és sérülésének gyógyításában számoltak be eredményes vizsgálatokról és klinikai alkalmazásokról. Vannak már biztató adatok máj- és vesebetegségekben, sérülésekben és a diabetesben történt alkalmazásról is. A közlemény célja, hogy áttekintse a közelmúltban végzett számos preklinikai vizsgálat során a mesenchymalis őssejtek molekuláris jellegzetességeit, az állatkísérletek során nyert eredményeket és a klinikai alkalmazás lehetőségeit. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1807–1815.
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