Daganatos betegekben a vénás thromboembolia kockázata 2–7-szer nagyobb a nem daganatos betegekhez viszonyítva, ami 1990 óta folyamatosan nő és jelentős morbiditási és mortalitási tényező. A közleményben megbeszélésre kerülnek a vénás thromboemboliára hajlamosító kockázati tényezők. A vénás thromboembolia kockázata függ a daganat típusától és stádiumától, például a hasnyálmirigy- és az agydaganatok nagyobb kockázatot jelentenek vénás thromboemboliára, mint az emlő- vagy a prosztatadaganatok. A kockázat függ a daganat lokalizált vagy metasztatikus állapotától, az utóbbi lényegesen nagyobb kockázatot jelent. A tumoros sejtekből származó prokoaguláns faktorok, citokinek, növekedési faktorok direkt vagy indirekt módon fokozzák a vénás thromboembolia incidenciáját. A daganatellenes kemoterápia 6,5-szeresére emeli a vénás thromboembolia populációs gyakoriságát, amely a kemoterápiát kapó járóbetegek legjelentősebb kockázati faktora és a második leggyakoribb haláloka. A szerzők áttekintik a daganatellenes kemoterápia okozta vénásthromboembolia-profilaxis irányelveinek fejlődését a kórházi és a járóbeteg-ellátásban. A jelenlegi ajánlások profilaxis céljából elsősorban a kis molekulatömegű heparint ajánlják. A daganat okozta kis molekulatömegű heparin további kutatása célzott, hatékony profilaxishoz fog vezetni. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(6), 203–211.
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