Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis and nodule formation leading to distortion of normal liver architecture. The initial stimulus is hepatocyte necrosis. A wide variety of liver diseases can lead to cirrhosis, including viral hepatitis (B, C and D), alcohol, metabolic diseases (eg. haemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease, NASH, α1 anti-trypsin deficiency, type IV glycogenesis), cholestatic liver disease, auto-immune hepatitis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, drugs (eg. methotrexate, amiodarone), etc. The aetiology of cirrhosis remains unknown in a significant number of cases, giving rise to the entity of cryptogenic cirrhosis. In the UK, this figure stands between 5–10% [1]. In Bangladesh, the common causes of cirrhosis remain viral hepatitis (B and C) and NASH [2].
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