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Abstract
Nemoura kozari sp. n. is described on the basis of morphology of male adults collected in the Eastern Carpathians. The new species is classified as a member of the Nemoura marginata species group. It was found in medium elevations of the Krasna Mts, Ukraine, and the Rodna Mts, Romania, inhabiting slowly flowing, small brooks. New diagnosis of the marginata group and enumeration of its members are provided.
The categorisation of plant species according to their life form has a long history in plant ecology. The most popular system worldwide and also in Hungary is Raunkiaer’s categorisation according to the position of buds (meristems) surviving the adverse season. The original system contains only seven categories, resulting in high diversity within each category. Therefore, different refinements are suggested. This paper aims to apply an internationally accepted refinement of Raunkiaer’s categorisation, the Ellenberg and Mueller-Dombois system, to the Hungarian flora.
As part of the PADAPT project, the authors compiled the invasion biological database of the alien vascular flora of Hungary, which contains the nativeness, residence time, introduc- tion mode and invasion status of 878 alien or cryptogenic taxa. In the absence of adequate evidence, the classification of some species was only possible into uncertain, transitional cat- egories. The definitions of most categories are compatible with several international termi- nologies, but are primarily based on Central European traditions. Of the 560 taxa that have already been naturalised in Hungary, 85 are invasive, and 22 of them are transformer alien vascular plants. Only 5 of these transformers are included in the European list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern (Ailanthus altissima, Asclepias syriaca, Elodea nuttallii, Heracleum mantegazzianum and H. sosnowskyi), which require uniform preventive interventions and treatments throughout the continent, while the rest of transformers in Hungary (e.g., Robinia pseudoacacia, Fallopia × bohemica and Solidago gigantea) draw attention to the unique, local and/ or regional invasion biological situation of the Pannonian Basin and Central Europe.
Eighteen species of foliicolous lichens have been mentioned earlier from the Fiji Islands in various literature sources and based on collections since 1860. Current records originate from the collections of Göran Thor from 1985 and Sarolta and Tamás Pócs from 2003. G. Thor visited lowland rainforests of Island Viti Levu, S. and T. Pócs collected also in higher elevations (up to ca 1,000 m) in submontane, montane and montane mossy (cloud) forests on Kadavu, Taveuni and Viti Levu Islands. These relatively small collections (of ca 300 and 150 leaves, respectively) resulted in 78 species of the 85 lichen species known today, among them 67 species are new for the foliicolous lichen flora of the area in this publication. New taxa described are Phylloblastia taveuniensis Farkas, Porina kadavuensis Farkas, furthermore the genus Tamasia Farkas (Ramalinaceae) and species Tamasia fijiensis Farkas containing cyanobacterial photobiont.
Abstract
Scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) fauna on imported tropical and subtropical fruits collected between 2013 and 2021 was investigated. The study revealed two armored scale insect (Diaspididae) species new to the fauna of Hungary (namely Aonidiella citrina (Coquillett) and Lepidosaphes pinnaeformis (Bouché)). Number of species of the Hungarian scale insect fauna increased to 279, while number of species collected on imported tropical and subtropical fruits changed to 16.
Following the work of Tatár (1939), no new revised and detailed list was made of endemic plants of the Pannonicum phytogeographical region, which takes into account the latest research results. A survey of vascular plants endemic and subendemic to the Pannonicum is presented here based on a critical revision of published and sometimes unpublished data on contemporary taxonomic and chorological knowledge. For this, it was necessary to review the delineation of Pannonicum and the problem of drawing the boundaries. I would also like to draw the attention to the Pannonian flora islands outside the Carpathians, which descend along the sandy alluvium of the Danube. The research covers 11 countries: Austria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and a small part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ukraine and Bulgaria (flora islands). The final evaluation of endemic status was made for 225 taxa of vascular plants, including 143 taxa confirmed as endemic or subendemic to the Pannonicum, 5 narrowly distributed taxa shared endemic of the Pannonicum and western part of the Carpaticum and 77 taxa are not endemic according to current taxonomic and phytogeographical knowledge (the list does not include hybrids). The final list of endemic and subendemic taxa includes 42 species, 29 subspecies and 73 apomictic species (including 47 taxa of Sorbus and 23 taxa of Taraxacum). Tatár mentions 55 taxa (without apomicts) of which only 29 (53%) are still considered endemic today. In terms of habitat preferences for (sub)endemic taxa most plants (excluding apomictic taxa) occur in rocky or sandy habitats.
Abstract
Anauchen (?) kozari n. sp. is described from Luang Prabang province, central Laos. This new species is temporarily placed in the genus Anauchen due to the similarity of its apertural barriers to those of A. messageri (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1904). Boysidia gereti Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1904 is a junior synonym of Anauchen rochebruni (Mabille, 1887) (originally described as Hypselostoma).
Abstract
We report on a 38-year-old male patient with disseminated gonococcal infection. Preceding the discharge diagnosis, the patient was treated regarding rheumatoid arthritis, which resulted in the deterioration of the patient's medical condition due to the immunomodulatory nature of the applied medication. The causative agent was identified by culturing joint puncture fluid inoculated into blood culture vials. Primary infection with the pathogen could not be pinpointed in terms of time, but on further questioning, the patient reported intimate contacts with a number of different male partners, which may be assumed to have included the infection source. The case hereby demonstrates the impact that an early misdiagnosis and a limited anamnesis can have on the progress of a patient's disease. Furthermore, this case has helped us to propose possible improvements in both clinical and microbiological diagnostic approaches.
Abstract
The rapid technological development that is still taking place today, with increasingly interconnected IT tools, is introducing dramatic changes. The development of computer programs is rapidly transforming traditional processes and the systems that support them. It is therefore natural that the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its impact on Hungarian companies is one of the key topics of our time. We conducted an exploratory quantitative survey, asking 140 managers of Hungarian small, medium and large enterprises about their current situation in the context of Industry 4.0. We sought to find out to what extent the specific R&D and innovation potential of Industry 4.0 is accepted, and whether it has already been introduced in the companies. On a qualitative side, 2 case studies and 3 interviews were conducted, in which structured interviews were used to further explore the issue. We aimed to find out where SMEs stood in terms of digital preparedness and what advantages, possible disadvantages, and goals they managed to identify. Our research showed that an increasing number of companies have already decided to take the first steps towards industrial digitalisation, which will completely transform their internal processes.
Abstract
In the present study, antibiotic resistance profiles and biofilm forming abilities of 9 Listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from out of 30 retail meat samples were determined, and the effect of commercial white vinegar on these virulence factors in isolates exposed to subMIC concentrations were investigated. All isolates were found to be resistant to cefotixin and oxacillin, 8 isolates (26.6%) to clindamycin, 1 isolate (3.3%) to rifampicin, and 1 (3.3%) isolate was found to show intermediate resistance against clindamycin. Biofilm formation was determined for all the isolates at 22 °C and 37 °C (24 h, 48 h and 72 h). MIC values of white vinegar samples were determined at 3.12% for all isolates. MIC/2 and MIC/4 concentrations of white vinegar increased the biofilm forming capacity of the isolates by 21.2% and 17.1%, respectively. After exposure to MIC/2 concentration of white vinegar for seven days, the antibiotic resistance status of the isolates to tetracycline, rifampicin, and clindamycin changed, and the biofilm forming abilities significantly decreased at 4 °C and 37 °C for 48 h and at 37 °C for 72 h (P < 0.05). The results showed that the use of subMIC concentrations of white vinegar should be avoided in routine sanitation applications.
