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Abstract

Calprotectin (CP) is an inflammatory marker. The aim of the current study was to investigate oxidative stress and changes in CP in cattle with traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP). The study was divided into two groups, experimental (TRP) and healthy control group, with 10 animals in each group. Total leucocyte count, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were higher in the TRP group compared to the control group and this increase was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in TRP group was statistically significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.001). The level of glutathione (GSH) in the TRP group was statistically significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.001). Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and CP values were higher in the TRP group and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). It was concluded as a result of ROC analysis that CP, which has similar values with SAA, can be used diagnostically to confirm the inflammatory status in cattle with TRP.

Restricted access
Imaging
Authors:
Vincenzo Cirimele
,
Giulia D'Amone
,
Carlo Mallio
,
Bruno Beomonte Zobel
, and
Eliodoro Faiella

Abstract

Learning Objectives

To provide a pictorial review of the main clinical applications of DECT with a focus on traumatic and non-traumatic emergencies.

Methods

DECT is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice. The differences in attenuation between two different datasets allow to perform a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the materials contained in a single voxel. Virtual monoenergetic images, material decomposition images, electron density maps, and atomic number maps are created by post-processing algorithms and offer the radiologist useful diagnostic data.

Results

We present a series of cases illustrating the utility of DECT in the diagnosis and management of acute pathologies, with a special focus on musculoskeletal imaging and neuroimaging.

Conclusion

DECT is a useful imaging technique that may allow radiologists to make quicker and more precise diagnoses in the emergency setting.

Open access

Abstract

Purpose

This paper provides a detailed presentation of the estimated number of people in Hungary with eye disease and refractive errors by both sex and age.

Materials/methods

In the past 12 years, 168,522 people (54.1% women and 45.9% men) have been screened under Hungary's Comprehensive Health Protection Screening Programme (MÁESZ).

Results

The total number of people with eye disease in the adult Hungarian population (about 8 million people) is estimated to be 1,684,818, with women (1,078,026) outnumbering men (606,792). Eye diseases were found to be more common in older age groups, and more common in women than men in each age group. The estimated number of people with refractive errors in the Hungarian adult population is 5,005,095. The overall number of people with myopia in the adult Hungarian population is estimated to be 3,058,536, with roughly equal numbers of men and women. The majority of people with myopia (63.3%) are between 18 and 45 years of age.

Conclusions

The huge number of people in the Hungarian population affected by eye disease or refractive errors underscores the need to develop and implement an effective national strategy and specific programmes to prevent visual impairments.

Open access

Intraorbitalis tumorok műtéti ellátása egy tercier centrumban

Surgical treatment of intraorbital tumors in a tertiary center

Orvosi Hetilap
Authors:
László Ujváry
,
Bernadett Salomváry
,
Tibor Szalóki
,
Balázs Geiszelhardt
,
Zoltán Zsolt Nagy
,
Márton Magyar
,
Nóra Nyilas
,
Beáta Zoltai
, and
Katalin Korányi

Introduction: Orbital tumors are rarely occurring in significant quantities apart from a few tertially referral centers, so statistically our data represent national proportions and characteristics of the affected patient group. Objective: Review of the tumor surgeries performed during the first three and a half years of the Semmelweis University Orbital Surgery Team (from February 2019 to August 2022). Analysis of the 94 operative cases, mainly based on age distribution, tumor dignity, location, and the type of surgery performed. Method: This is a retrospective study, made by the review of the entire outpatient and surgical patient records of three and a half years in our IT system. We collected and classified the patients’ data according to various aspects, then compared our results to international publications. Only patients with histologically confirmed cancer, operated by colleagues of our workgroup between February 2019 and September 2022, were included in our analysis. Excision of skin lesions affecting only the dermis and subcutaneous tissues, removal of circumscribed conjunctival cysts, and enucleations were excluded from the examined patient group. This is how we dealt with the significant number of orbital surgeries in which the presence of tumor cell proliferation was not confirmed after biopsy. Results: During the three and a half year period, 94 operations were performed due to intraorbital tumor involvement. The surgeries were preceded by physical examination and imaging. We performed biopsy in 38.3% (n = 36), tumor mass reduction in 18.1% (n = 17), complete removal in 43.6% (n = 41) of the cases. Based on the histological findings, 53.2% (n = 50) of the tumors were benign and 46.8% (n = 44) were malignant. The average age was 60.5 years in the malignant, and 39.5 years in the benign group. The most common benign tumor was cavernous hemangioma in 13.8% (n = 13), and the most common malignant tumor was lymphoma in 31.9% (n = 30). Discussion: Benign tumors can mostly be removed in toto, without residual symptoms. In the case of malignant tumors of the orbit, often only the reduction of the tumor mass can be achieved. In significant amount of cases, we plan to take a biopsy based on their morphological characteristics and the anamnesis. This is how we proceed in the case of lymphoma, the therapy of which is conservative. Conclusion: Various tumors can affect the orbit. In our publication, we process the data of 94 patients with intraorbital tumor surgery. 53.2% of the tumors were benign and 46.8% were malignant. The rate of malignant tumors increased with age, and lymphoma is by far the most common of them. 70% of the benign tumors were either vascular, lymphatic or peripheral nerve tumors or dermoid cysts. Benign tumors proved to be completely resectable in 76% of the cases. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(49): 1947–1953.

Open access

Mikroszkópos és endoszkópos vizualizációval végzett, minimálisan invazív dekompressziós gerincműtétekkel kapcsolatos tapasztalataink

Our experience with minimally invasive decompression spine surgeries performed with microscopic and endoscopic visualization

Orvosi Hetilap
Authors:
Márton Balázsfi
,
Norbert Szappanos
,
Gergely Lehelvári
,
Dávid Kis
, and
Pál Barzó

Introduction: The rapid development of minimally invasive techniques did not leave neurosurgery untouched either. New surgical interventions, both skull and spine surgery, are gaining more and more popularity. Due to the aging society, previously inoperable degenerative abnormalities are also receiving more and more attention. In the treatment of spinal canal stenosis caused by degenerative changes, the initially used laminectomy was replaced by unilateral “over-the-top” surgery, and in recent years, by techniques that ensure the least possible collateral tissue damage, such as tubular retractor and then spinal endoscopy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to use the experiences of the past years to present the decompression surgeries performed with two minimally invasive techniques, i.e., the tube explorer and the endoscope, and their results, providing an insight into international spine surgery trends. Method: From January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022, we operated 43 patients with spinal canal stenosis using this techniques. In 27 of these cases, we used a tube retractor and a microscope, while in 16 cases, we used an endoscopic technique. In order to evaluate the results, we took a visual analogue scale value before and after the intervention to evaluate neurogenic claudication, lower back pain that worsens with exercise, and radicular pain at rest. Based on this, the patients were divided into four groups: using unchanged (0–30%), moderate (31–50%), good (51–75%) and excellent (76–100%) ratings. We separately analyzed surgeries for stenosis combined with spondylolisthesis. We evaluated our short-term results based on the average value of hospitalization days. Results: We achieved excellent postoperative results for all examined symptoms, i.e., neurogenic claudication in 95.3%, lower back pain in 72.4%, while the symptoms of restlessness disappeared almost completely in 86.9% of the cases. Accordingly, we experienced good and moderate results in much smaller proportions. The results after decompression surgery for spinal canal stenosis caused by spondylolisthesis were evaluated separately, based on which the postoperative results of neurogenic claudication in 92.8% of cases, low back pain in 70%, and pain at rest in 100% proved to be excellent. The average number of the hospitalisation days was 3.7. Discussion and conclusion: Our experience is in line with the international results, which suggest that the results of minimally invasive techniques using the tube explorer and the endoscope can be further improved both in the short and long term. With the introduction of new techniques, we not only offer our patients a less invasive approach with better results, but due to the efficiency of the procedures, more patients can undergo surgery in a shorter time. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(49): 1926–1937.

Open access

Transzvénás elektróda extrakció a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen: 10 év tapasztalata

Transvenous lead extraction at the University of Szeged: 10-year experience

Orvosi Hetilap
Authors:
László Sághy
,
Előd János Zsigmond
,
Attila Benák
,
Attila Makai
,
Marton Miklós
,
Gergely Klausz
, and
Máté Vámos

Introduction: Cardiac implantable electronic device-related complications may require transvenous lead extraction. Data on procedure complexity and outcomes are derived from international registries. However, patient characteristics vary considerably between countries. Objective: To summarize the results of the 10-year systematic institutional extraction program and compare it with international data. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients undergoing extraction between 2012 and 2020. Data regarding patient characteristics, indications, techniques and outcomes of the procedures were collected and compared with the results of the largest comprehensive European registry (ELECTRa). We also examined success rates at different levels of the “stepwise approach”. Results: 200 patients (65 ± 14.3 years, 74.5% male) were included. The indication of extraction was predominantly infectious, exceeding the rate reported in ELECTRa (87.5% vs. 52.8%, p<0.001). Lead dwelling time was also longer in our study (7.8 ± 6.2 vs. 6.4 ± 5.4 years). The number of passive fixation leads was found to be also significantly higher (62.2% vs. 46.6%, p<0.001). One fifth of our patients had previously undergone a failed extraction attempt. A higher proportion of patients required the use of locking stylets (81.9% vs. 71.1%, p<0.001) and active extraction sheaths (71.8% vs. 27.1%, p<0.001). Major complications occurred in 4.5% and procedural death in 4 cases (2%). Procedural success was 88.2%, which is lower than the 95.7% reported in ELECTRa. In the stepwise approach analysis, cumulative clinical success rate was 24.8% with locking stylets, 74.2% with the primary active sheaths, 91.3% with advanced extraction techniques (crossover, femoral snare) and 96.6% with non-emergency cardiac surgery. Discussion and conclusion: In the last 10 years, a successful lead extraction program has been developed in our institution. Patient risk and procedure complexity far exceed those reported by international registries. To achieve optimal outcomes, the availability of diverse extraction techniques, experience as well as close educational and referral cooperation with implanting centers are essential. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(49): 1954–1964.

Open access

Virtuális érmodell vizsgálata laparoszkópos jobb hemicolectomia és komplett mesocolicus excisio esetében

Investigation of virtual vascular model in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision

Orvosi Hetilap
Authors:
Tamás Sztipits
,
J. Imre Barabás
,
László Szalontai
,
Zsolt Dubóczki
,
Barna Budai
,
Olivér Zsolt Geletey
,
Dániel Wettstein
, and
Tamás Mersich

Introduction and objective: Laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) with central vascular ligation is gaining acceptance for the treatment of right colon cancers, however, variable mesenteric vascular anatomy can be a surgical challenge, thus affecting results. The aim of our study is to investigate the usefulness of a 3D virtual vascular model reconstructed from CT–angiography. In this article, we demonstrate the application of 3D technology in a surgical area difficult to comprehend with conventional techniques. Method: In this randomized, controlled trial, we plan to enroll 40 patients with AJCC stage I–III right colonic cancer scheduled for laparoscopic CME surgery. Patients are randomized preoperatively one-to-one. The experimental group (A) has a 3D virtual vascular model created for pre- and intraoperative use, the control group (B) has no model available. Demographics, blood loss, vascular injuries, procedure duration, lymph node harvest, specimen quality, postoperative complications and length of stay are recorded. Surgeons rate the model postoperatively on a 0–10 scale. Long term oncologic outcomes will be recorded. Results: At submission of the abstract, 29 patients were enrolled (A = 18, B = 11). Demographics in the two groups are comparable. Blood loss (p = 0.40), conversion rate (p = 0.75), postoperative complications (p = 0.82) and hospital stay (p = 0.40) do not show significant difference, while lymph node yield (p = 0.76) and specimen quality are also comparable. Duration of standard surgical steps of central vascular ligation are comparable. Surgeons rate the overall usefulness of the 3D model 7.6/10, with the highest scores given for identifying ileocolic vessels (7.8) and Henle’s trunk (8.3). The model was rated less useful for assisting gastroepiploic dissection (5.2). No patient dropout occurred to this date. Conclusion: Surgeons appraise the quality and usefulness of the model positively, especially for identifying ileocolic vessels and the anatomy of Henle’s trunk. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(49): 1938–1946.

Open access

Abstract

Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a rare condition with no identifiable cause, accounting for 3%–5% of all HOA cases. It is challenging to identify incomplete primary HOA, which can be misdiagnosed as other hypertrophic periostitis diseases. At least two of the four criteria set by Borochowitz and Rimoin (1990) must be present to diagnose primary HOA. Diagnostic difficulties due to incomplete or atypical manifestations are common. We present a case of incomplete primary PHOA at Hanoi Medical University Hospital in Vietnam. A 37-year-old male presented with ankle joint pain for nearly four years. X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging showed periostitis in the tibias and fibulas, which could not exclude Camurati–Engelmann disease. Finally, gene sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq system identified a missense mutation (c.295C>T) in the solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1) gene on chromosome 3. Our case report and literature review aim to improve specialists' understanding of incomplete primary HOA and reduce the frequency of missed diagnoses.

Open access

The Tangut character 'ja ¹ (#1718) is usually glossed as Chin. nuò 诺 ‘(to) promise; yes’ in dictionaries. Given the fact that it does occur in rhetorical questions, this article argues that Tangut 'ja ¹ is instead a constituent question particle and thus not restricted in rhetorical use. The conclusion is based on a detailed philological investigation, employing multilingual parallel texts where applicable. Comparisons with other Qiangic languages reveal several candidates for cognates. Nonetheless, their similarity is more likely to be an areal typological feature, rather than an etymological relation.

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Проблемы поэтики раннего Чехова в соотношении с газетным дискурсом

Список как формат текста

The Problems of Chekhov’s Early Poetics in Correlation with Newspaper Discourse: The List as a Text Format

Studia Slavica
Author:
Dominika Zoltán

The paper examines some features of Chekhov’s early poetics (1880–1885) in comparison with the newspaper as a discourse contemporary to his time. In the first half of the 1880s, the daily newspaper emerged as the dominant organ in the new system of the press. This was also the birth of mass communication in Russia, a necessary part of which was the emergence of “the small press”, i.e. the sphere of humorous journals, thin magazines, and daily newspapers in which Chekhov began to publish his works.

The paper also summarizes the outcomes of the studies that reconstructed the cultural space of Russian newspapers and magazines of the period in question. The concept of “newspaper discourse” is introduced for the purposes of comparison and understood in the paper as a new and unified space that aims towards a universal modelling of the world through the production of texts. Newspaper discourse as a term is different from the concepts of “the small press” and “journalism”. At the end of the first part, the paper discusses the notions of discursive practice and interdiscursivity as one of the types of intertextuality defined by N. Fairclough.

The second part summarizes the typology created by A. Stepanov for Chekhov’s early texts based on mixing or displacing statements of different speech genres. Using this typology, the paper identifies the humorous texts in which newspaper speech genres are used. In comparison with the practice of newspapers, the most interesting structural type is the metonymic arrangement of utterances belonging to different speech genres or those belonging to the same speech genre. In these cases, the juxtaposed statements also lack a common referent. I. Sukhikh argues that it is a demand by newspapers and magazines of that time that manifests itself in the principle of metonymic ordering of trifles (creating cycles, series, and lists). Thoughts of Readers of Newspapers and Magazines and A Memo are interpreted as humorous pieces built on the principle of a list, mocking the common practice of newspaper discourse: its ambition for universality.

In the two humorous pieces, an element of parodic interdiscourse is highlighted: the composition is based on the principle of a list. This structural type leads, more in Chekhov’s creative evolution in general terms, to more complex, composite structures such as The Complaints Book. The newspaper genre of advertisements often used by the young Chekhov can also be reinterpreted as a composite structure of the series or the list type. In the creative laboratory of Chekhov, this element of interdiscourse is transformed into an artistic technique: the metonymic logic of the list becomes an index of the moral state and atmosphere of the depicted reality.

Open access