Browse Our Latest Psychology and Behavioral Science Journals
Psychological journals are peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journals that publish original work in some areas of psychology. The most common publications include cognitive, health and clinical psychology, applied, developmental, biological, social, experimental, and educational psychology, and psychoanalysis.
Behavioral Sciences
Abstract
Background and aims
About 1/3 of youth spend more than four hours/day engaged in screen media activity (SMA). This investigation utilized longitudinal brain imaging and mediation analyses to examine relationships among SMA, brain patterns, and internalizing problems.
Methods
Data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) participants with baseline and two-year follow-up structural imaging data that passed quality control (N = 5,166; 2,385 girls) were analyzed. Joint and Individual Variation Explained (JIVE) identified a brain co-development pattern among 221 brain features (i.e., differences in surface area, thickness, or cortical and subcortical gray-matter volume between baseline and two-year-follow-up data). Generalized linear mixed-effect models investigated associations between baseline SMA, structural co-development and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology at two-year follow-up.
Results
SMA at baseline was related to internalizing psychopathology at year 2 (
Discussion and conclusions
Greater youth engagement in SMA at ages 9–10 years statistically predicted higher levels of internalizing two years later. This association was mediated by cortical-brainstem circuitry, albeit with relatively small effect sizes. The findings may help delineate processes contributing to internalizing behaviors and assist in identifying individuals at greater risk for such problems.
A szexuális rendszer működése kérdőív magyar változata (SSFS)
Hungarian version of the Sexual System Functioning Scale (SSFS)
Elméleti háttér
Bowlby (1982/1969) a viselkedési rendszereket univerzális, veleszületett motivációs rendszereknek írja le, amelyek a természetes szelekcióval alakultak ki, és túlélési és/vagy szaporodási esélyeket növelő konkrét evolúciós célokat szolgálnak. Az emberi elme számos viselkedési rendszert foglal magában, amelyek ösztönös viselkedést közvetítenek olyan funkcionálisan elkülönülő területeken, mint a kötődés, a gondoskodás, a szexualitás. Az ember párválasztási pszichológiáját e megközelítés szerint a szexuális viselkedésért felelős különálló viselkedési rendszer irányítja.
A kutatás célja
A Sexual System Functioning Scale (Szexuális Rendszer Működése Kérdőív, SSFS; Birnbaum és mtsai., 2014) magyar változatának pszichometriai elemzése és validálása.
Módszer
297 fő (170 nő, 127 férfi, átlagéletkor: 29,1 év; SD = 9,34 év) töltötte ki online kérdőívcsomagunkat (Szexuális Rendszer Működése Kérdőív, SSFS; Közvetlen Kapcsolatok Élményei Kérdőív rövid változata ECR-S, Kötődési Stílus Kérdőív, ASQ-H; Miért Szexelnek Az Emberek? kérdőív rövid változata, YSEX?-HSF).
Eredmények
Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a mérőeszköz magyar nyelven is jól működik. Az eredeti verzióban meghatározott faktorstruktúra enyhe változtatással alkalmazható a magyar verzióban is. Az SSFS által mért szexuális Hiperaktivizáció pozitív együttjárást mutat az ASQ-H által mért Kapcsolatok fontossága, Ambivalencia és Önérvényesítés faktorokkal, de negatívan korrelál a Biztonsággal, továbbá pozitívan korrelál a YSEX?-HSF Személyes célok elérése és a Szex mint megküzdés faktorokkal és az ECR-S által mért Szorongás és Elkerülés faktorokkal is. Az SSFS által mért szexuális Deaktiváció pozitív együttjárást mutat az ASQ-H által mért Kapcsolatok fontossága és Ambivalencia faktorokkal, de negatívan korrelál a Biztonsággal, és sem a szexuális motivációval, sem a közeli kapcsolati élményekkel nem mutat értelmezhető erősségű együttjárást.
Következtetések
Az SSFS megbízható eszköz a magyar nyelvű kutatásokban. A kötődési rendszer és a szexuális rendszer működése részleges átfedést mutatnak egymással, ugyanakkor mivel mindkettőt külön motivációs rendszerek irányítják, ezért funkcionálisan elkülönülnek egymástól.
Változások és újítások a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) pszichodiagnosztikai tesztben
Changes and innovations in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) psychodiagnostic test
Bevezetés
A Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory (MMPI) Magyarországon az 1970-es évek óta használatos pszichodiagnosztikai mérőeszköz, melynek második kiadása (MMPI-2) 1989-ben jelent meg a nemzetközi használatban, Magyarországon pedig 2009-ben készült el az adaptációja.
Célkitűzés
Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa az MMPI-2-ben megjelent változásokat, újításokat és a teszt előnyeit a korábbi változatához képest.
Következtetések
A téma-összefoglaló tanulmány rávilágít, hogy az MMPI-2 kifejlesztése nemcsak új normatív mintát, de nyelvi-stilisztikai megújulást is hozott. Ezenfelül a korábbi Validitási és Klinikai skálák mellett olyan új skálák is megjelentek, mint az Újrastrukturált klinikai skálák, a Tartalmi skálák és a személyiségpszichopatológia mérésére alkalmas PSY-5 skálák. Megtörtént továbbá a Kiegészítő skálák revíziója, illetve új Kiegészítő skálák bevezetése és új Validitási skálák kifejlesztése is.
Konklúzió
A változtatások részletes számbavétele rámutat arra, hogy az MMPI újrasztenderdizálása során kialakított MMPI-2 jóval átfogóbb, egyben differenciáltabb értelmezést kínál a különböző mentális zavarok és pszichopatológiai jelenségek megértése szempontjából, mint az eredeti változat. Kitekintésként pedig ismertetésre kerül a nemzetközi gyakorlatba már bevezetett két új MMPI-fejlesztés, az MMPI-2-Resturctured Form (MMPI-2-RF) és az MMPI-3 is.
Abstract
Background
Recovery from mental health and behavioral disorders is classically defined as a reduction in symptoms. More recent definitions see it as a process in which individuals improve their health, wellness and other life domains. The inclusion of gaming disorder (GD) in the 11th International Classification of Diseases in 2019 prompted growing interest in GD. However, relatively little is known about recovery from GD, and there is scant literature describing or assessing its course.
Objectives
This scoping review was designed to explore the state of the art on recovery from GD (e.g., terminology and measures used to assess recovery, main topics in studies about recovery from GD).
Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched and critically reviewed according to PRISMA guidelines. We included empirical studies in English covering individuals across all age groups who met the diagnostic criteria of GD/internet gaming disorder (IGD) according to valid scales that relate to recovery or any change, and were published before February 2022.
Results
A total of 47 out of 966 studies met the inclusion criteria. Recovery as a concept is not explicitly mentioned in GD studies. Rather, changes in subjects' disorders are described in terms of decreases/reductions in symptom severity, or improvement/increases. These changes are primarily measured by scales that evaluate symptom reduction and/or improvement in GD and other psychopathologies.
Conclusions
The concept of recovery is included in the GD field but is not clearly mentioned or used. Therapists and researchers should aim to promote and integrate the notion of recovery in GD.
Abstract
Background and aims
The World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) includes Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD), a new diagnosis that is both controversial and groundbreaking, as it is the first diagnosis to codify a disorder related to excessive, compulsive, and out-of-control sexual behavior. The inclusion of this novel diagnosis demonstrates a clear need for valid assessments of this disorder that may be quickly administered in both clinical and research settings.
Design
The present work details the development of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI) across seven samples, four languages, and five countries.
Setting
In the first study, data were collected in community samples drawn from Malaysia (N = 375), the U.S. (N = 877), Hungary (N = 7,279), and Germany (N = 449). In the second study, data were collected from nationally representative samples in the U.S. (N = 1,601), Poland (N = 1,036), and Hungary (N = 473).
Findings
Across both studies and all samples, results revealed strong psychometric qualities for the 7-item CSBD-DI, demonstrating evidence of validity via correlations with key behavioral indicators and longer measures of compulsive sexual behavior. Analyses from nationally representative samples revealed residual metric invariance across languages, scalar invariance across gender, strong evidence of validity, and utility in classifying individuals who self-identified as having problematic and excessive sexual behavior, as evidenced by ROC analyses revealing suitable cutoffs for a screening instrument.
Conclusion
Collectively, these findings demonstrate the cross-cultural utility of the CSBD-DI as a novel measure for CSBD and provide a brief, easily administrable instrument for screening for this novel disorder.
Abstract
Background
Little attention has been given to efficacious treatment and adherence to treatment of compulsive sexual behavior (CSB).
Aims
Randomized controlled trial investigated short-term psychodynamic group therapy followed by relapse prevention group (STPGP-RPGT) and pharmacological treatment (PT) for CSB men on sexual compulsivity and adherence.
Method
135 men, 38 (SD = 9) years old on average, were randomly assigned to 1) STPGP-RPGT; 2) PT; 3) Both. Participants completed measures at baseline, 25th, and 34th week. 57 (42.2%) participants dropped out between baseline and 25th week, and 68 (50.4%) between baseline and 34th week. 94 (69.6%) did not adhere (80% pills taken or attended 75% therapy sessions).
Results
A significant interaction effect was found between time and group (F (4, 128) = 2.62, P = 0.038, ES = 0.08), showing who received PT improved less in sexual compulsivity than those who received STPGP-RPGT (t = 2.41; P = 0.038; ES = 0.60) and PT + STPGP-RPGT (t = 3.15; P = 0.007, ES = 0.74). Adherent participants improved more in sexual compulsivity than non-adherent at the 25th week (t = 2.82; P = 0.006, ES = 0.65) and 34th week (t = 2.26; P = 0.027, ES = 0.55), but there was no interaction effect, F (2, 130) = 2.88; P = 0.06; ES = 0.04). The most reported behavior (masturbation) showed greater risk of non-adherence (72.6%).
Discussion and conclusions
Adherent participants improved better than non-adherent. Participants who received psychotherapy improved better than those who received PT. Methodological limitations preclude conclusions on efficacy.
Abstract
Background and aims
Ingestion or administration of classic psychedelics is sometimes associated with improvements in well-being or mental health. Acute mystical-type experiences that psychedelics occasion have been suggested to be related to such improvements. Meanwhile, other features of the psychedelic experience, such as psychological insights and emotional breakthroughs, are also increasingly being studied. This review aimed to collect and assess the available evidence for mystical-type experiences under psychedelics associating with medium-to-long term improvements in well-being or mental health, on their own and as compared with other features of the acute experience.
Methods
I conducted a pre-registered, comprehensive review of existing empirical studies on the topic, based on a systematic search of the literature.
Results
Forty-four eligible studies were found, with most reporting positive associations between mystical-type experiences and improvements in well-being or mental health. The current level of evidence appeared stronger among healthy people, in cross-sectional studies, and for links with positive changes in general well-being and life satisfaction, attitudes and behavior, and anxiety, than for depression or other aspects of well-being and mental health. A few studies suggested that psychological insights and emotional breakthroughs may be as or more closely associated with positive changes than mystical-type experiences.
Conclusions
Despite their significant limitations, the identified studies suggest that mystical-type experiences under psychedelics are associated with improvements in some areas of well-being. However, psychological insights and emotional breakthroughs might be at least as important and should also be measured in future studies.
Abstract
This paper aims at presenting an overview of the historic and current features concerning the relationship among original peoples, psychoactive drugs, and various forms of anti-drug practices in Latin America. The current expansion of extractivist capitalism in Latin America overlaps with Indigenous peoples' traditional lands, provoking new forms of violence and confrontation. The War on Drugs is being used as a justification to militarize these lands and to criminalize Indigenous populations. Thus, neo-extractivist initiatives in Latin America provoke renewed clashes between Indigenous peoples' interests and local and global elites' purposes. We seek to raise awareness about the relationship between the drug war and Indigenous people's human rights violations as an alert and an invitation for social scientists to engage in theoretical and empirical research on this issue.
Abstract
Background and aims
Maladaptive Daydreaming (MD) is a suggested syndrome where individuals become addicted to fantasizing vividly for hours on end at the expense of engaging in real-world relationships and functioning. MD can be seen as a behavioral addiction. However, a paucity of longitudinal research means that there is no empirical evidence confirming the stability of this alleged addiction. Moreover, the direction of its association with psychopathology is unclear.
Methods
We examine, for the first time, long-term stability and longitudinal associations between MD, psychological distress (stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms) and COVID-19 related exposure.
Results
Participants (N = 814) completed an online survey twice, with a lag of 13 months. A two-wave structural equation model demonstrated high MD stability and positive cross-lagged pathways from MD to psychological distress. COVID-19 related exposure was not a longitudinal predictor.
Discussion and conclusions
MD is a stable condition and a risk factor for an increase in psychological distress.
