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Business and Economics
Abstract
This study delves into the multifaceted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Central Europe's cultural sector. Early responses to the pandemic predicted significant job losses and suggested that national governments would disproportionately neglect the pandemic's financial impact on the cultural sector and fail to prioritize cultural recovery. This research aims to examine policy implementation and its real-world effects on cultural employment trends in the crisis aftermath. We focus on the impact of public spending on cultural services in Central Europe, particularly the funding allocated to mitigate the pandemic's effects in 2020 and 2021. By analysing financial measures and comparing Eurostat's cultural indicators, this study seeks to deepen our understanding of cultural policies in the region. It highlights the diverse nature of these financial measures and assesses their effectiveness in sustaining cultural employment post-pandemic. With a few exceptions, the adopted measures helped to maintain pre-pandemic employment rates across Central European countries. Key findings reveal the vulnerabilities and adaptations of the sector, shedding light on the broader implications of COVID-19 on cultural policies in Central Europe.
Abstract
This article examines the sports motivation and sports opportunities of people with physical disability in Hungary, filling a gap in the research area. A total of 122 people (76 athletes) participated in the questionnaire research. We supplemented the quantitative research with qualitative research, in which we assessed the experiences of sports leaders through expert interviews. As a result of the research, we have shown that gender affects participation in sports, but has no role in sports motivation. Furthermore, we have established that for athletes with reduced mobility, mostly external motivational factors are different. Intrinsic motivation is strongest in the case of paralympic athletes. The main reason for amotivation among non-athletes with reduced mobility is the lack of adequate sports facilities close to the place of residence. Most athletes get to the venue of their sporting activity by car alone. Lack of peers has also been found to be a common reason for amotivation among respondents. Organising inclusive and mixed sports events could be a solution to the problem, promoting involvement in sport and social integration.
