Rediscovery of Cenopalpus lineola (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876) in Hungary (Acari Tenuipalpidae)

The pine pest, Cenopalpus lineola (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876) was discovered after 45 years again in Hungary. Proto-, deutonymphs, male and female specimens were collected, therefore a new and detailed re-description are presented with description of the leg chaetotaxy of the immature stages.


Materials and Methods
Specimens of Cenopalpus lineola were collected in planted Scots pine tree (Pinus sylvestris L.) close to village Csévharaszt (Pest county) using the beating method. The fallen mites were placed into 75% ethanol on the site. In laboratory the specimens were placed into lactic acid for a week and then slide-mounted in Hoyer's medium. The specimens are deposited in the Plant Protection Institute, CAR, HAS, Budapest.
All specimens were examined by a Leica 1000 scientific microscope; the illustrations were made with the aid of a drawing tube on this microscope. All measurements and scales are given in micrometers.

Notes to the leg setation
Majority of the dorsal setae (d), some lateral (bv" and l') setae and setae (u'-u") are serrate or pilose in all stages of this species. The other setae are smooth. The solenidia (ω) of the legs I and II in all stages are very long, longer than the tarsal claws. The Table 1 shows the setation of the legs. Supplementary setae are presented on femora of leg I in females (setae l'), on femora of leg I and leg II in males (setae l'), and on femora of leg I and leg II in deutonymphs (setae l'), and on the tibiae of leg I on females (setae l") and on the tibiae of legs I and II on males (setae l"). These supplementary setae are absent in protonymphs.

Discussion
Cenopalpus lineola seems to be a Mediterranean or subtropical pine-inhabiting flat mite species. Till today it was collected in the countries around the Mediterranean Sea (e.g. Greece (Hatzinikolis and Emmanouel, 1987), Italy (Pegazzano, 1971), France ( Gutierrez Fig. 7. Dorsal view of Cenopalpus lineola (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876), from Hungary, protonymph   Table 1 Development of leg setae of Cenopalpus lineola (after Seeman andBeard, 2011) et al., 1989), Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Lebanon (Dosse, 1974), Israel (Uecker mann et al., 2018) and the countries close to Black Sea (like: Kazakhstan and Georgia (Mitrofanov and Strunkova, 1979), but it was collected in the subtropical Japanese island, Okinawa as well (Ehara, 1966). The Hungarian occurrences are very strange, because the climate of Hungary differs from the latter mentioned regions. Therefore this species is very rare in Hungary; we presume that this species can occur in specific dry and hot habitats, where the host plants were planted. The most important question is whether this species is native to Hungary in these habitats or it was introduced with the host plants from the Mediterranean countries. In Hungary Pinus sylvestris is an indigenous pine species.
On the other hand, the Hungarian specimens of Cenopalpus lineola are closer to the specimens collected in the countries of the post-Soviet states and Japan, than that of the other countries. The setae e1 and d1 are smooth in the Hungarian specimens, similar to the illustrated mites by Mitrofanov and Strunkova (1979) and Ehara (1966), contrary with Ueckermann et al. (2018) where the illustrated setae are pilose.