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- Author or Editor: X. Wang x
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Abstract
The aim of this paper is to consider using effective natural minerals in studying the retardation and migration of radium under the influence of groundwater in the far-field of a radioactive waste repository. The properties of adsorbing radium by minerals are studied by adopting the static and dynamic adsorption method. Preliminary experimental results give confidence in the validity of using Maifanshih and barite to adsorb radium in water and to serve as effective retarding materials in radioactive waste repositories, their Kd values being 3815 and 2955, respectively. The study on a certain number of conditions of adsorbing radium by the promissing material Maifanshih is reported for the first time. The mechanism of radium adsorption has been discussed and modeling of migration of radium in the minerals has been presented to establish a rational basis for the longterm prediction required for safety assessment of underground disposal of radioactive waste.
Abstract
Ca-47 radioactive tracer was used to determine the phamocodynamics, distribution pattern, absorption and bioavailability of a new type calcium supplement in rabbit prepared by plasma technology. Our results indicate that calcium from the new nutrient is mainly deposited in bone 6 or 7 days after oral administration. The absorption rate of this new calcium preparation is estimated to be 30–40 %.
Abstract
The preparation of a cold kit was introduced in the paper, and the effective quantities of the components (Vc, HEDP and SnCl2·2H2O) in the kit were determined. At the sametime, the effects of labelling kit on the reaction time, reaction temperature and animal distribution were studied in detail. The initial animal experiment showed the high uptake in the skeletal tissue, the clearance in the blood was quick.
Abstract
Abstract
Phase change materials (PCM) have been extensively scrutinized for their widely application in thermal energy storage (TES). Paraffin was considered to be one of the most prospective PCMs with perfect properties. However, lower thermal conductivity hinders the further application. In this letter, we experimentally investigate the thermal conductivity and energy storage of composites consisting of paraffin and micron-size graphite flakes (MSGFs). The results strongly suggested that the thermal conductivity enhances enormously with increasing the mass fraction of the MSGFs. The formation of heat flow network is the key factor for high thermal conductivity in this case. Meanwhile, compared to that of the thermal conductivity, the latent heat capacity, the melting temperature, and the freezing temperature of the composites present negligible change with increasing the concentration of the MSGFs. The paraffin-based composites have great potential for energy storage application with optimal fraction of the MSGFs.
Abstract
Humic substances have attracted great interest in the investigation of metal ion behavior in the environment because of their special properties. Sorption and complexation of Pb2+ on MX-80 bentonite, LA bentonite, alumina and silica as a function of pH were studied in the presence and absence of fulvic acid (FA). The experiments were carried out in 0.01M and 0.001M NaNO3 solutions under ambient conditions. The results indicate that sorption of Pb2+ on the solid samples is strongly dependent on pH and FA. The sorption of Pb2+ is not influenced drastically by ionic strength. The nature of minerals/oxides, nature of humic substances and the composition of the solution are important factors in the behavior of metal ions in the environment. The results also indicate that FA has a positive effect on Pb2+ sorption at low and a negative effect at high pH values, and the results are discussed in the comparative complexation between FA-Pb2+ and Pb2+-minerals.
Abstract
Neutron activation analysis (NAA) and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis (SRXRF) were used to study the loss and recuperation of inorganic elements of osteoporotic rat bone and the effects of Zhugu Capsule. The results of the animal experiments showed that there was greater loss of multiple elements in cancellous bone than in cortical bone that was difficult to be improved. Yet in the mid-shaft femur, which is mainly consisted of cortical bone, the contents of multiple elements were notably recuperated. Zhugu Capsule could increase the content of not only of Ca, but also Zn and Sr. Further, it could also improve the distribution of these elements in femur.
Genetic structure of 142 parent lines of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was analyzed using model-based approach based on SSR markers. Forty-one selected from 103 SSR markers were used to analyze the parent lines, which generated 189 alleles revealed by each marker ranging from 2 to 11 with an average of 4.6 per marker. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.543 with a range of 0.089 to 0.850. All the parent lines were assigned to 7 subgroups, named Kafir, Kaoliang, Feterita, Shallu, Hegari, Milo and Durra. Parent lines without clear pedigree record were clustered into their corresponding groups, and genetic components of each line were estimated by Q-values. Information of this study would be useful for breeders to conclude their genetic background and select appropriate parents for germplasm improvement and hybrid breeding, and thus improve the efficiency of breeding programs.
Casein peptides with calcium-chelating capacity were rapidly enriched by using a novel ceramic matrix (CM)-based Ti4+-IMAC adsorbent. The ability of calcium-chelating peptides (CCPs) to bind calcium and the physical properties of complexes formed between CCPs and calcium were investigated. Results demonstrated that the amount of calcium bound depended on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of casein hydrolysates. The highest calcium binding capacity (683 mg g−1) occurred when bovine casein was hydrolysed by pancreatin at a DH of 0.14%, meanwhile, the calcium content of CCPs-Ca complex exhibited the maximum level (134.96 mg g−1). In addition, CCPs showed a higher radical scavenging capacity (50 µg ml−1; 99% inhibition, or an equivalent activity of 9.91×10−3 M Trolox) compared to casein digest. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to explore the interaction between CPPs and calcium, and the results demonstrated that phosphoserine residues as well as COO- groups of CCPs were involved in the formation of CCPs-Ca complex.
Abiotic stresses like salinity and abnormally cold environments cause significant yield losses in many crops including wheat. Therefore, concerted efforts are being made by breeders to develop new varieties with salt and cold tolerance to ensure stable yields over varied environments. This study was undertaken to screen six hundred and seventy-seven accessions of international wheat genetic resources to identify lines with high level of tolerance to salinity and cold environments. Based on the results of two years study in different agroecological locations, 51 accessions were classified as salt tolerant and 115 accessions were classified as cold tolerant. Of these, 35 accessions had good agronomic characteristics. Also, there were 39 genotypes with combined tolerance to cold as well as salinity. Thus, there were good lines which can be used directly or as parents for breeding wheat varieties for wide adaptation and high yield. Further analysis of the data showed that early genotypes had good cold tolerance but a poor salt tolerance. It was also observed that small number of both test spikelet and spikelet, short spike length and good seed-plump were positively associated with cold tolerance. Therefore, maturity and spike traits should be taken into considered when selecting wheat lines for wide adaptation breeding.
