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In the second part of this series of papers the author investigates the way how the Khitan Small Script rendered the vowels of the Khitan language. The graphic system was tailored to the contemporary Chinese language, nevertheless, it is possible to make conclusions concerning the system of vowels. Three illabial vowels /a/, /e/ and /i/ can be identified, the back vocalic /ï/ can only be supposed. The vowel /o/ is dominant, for traces of /ö/ no sure data can be given. The phoneme /u/ can be clearly detected, the phoneme /ü/ can be supposed. The former opinion that the Khitan had a front:back vowel harmony can be confirmed. The paper presents a few newly deciphered Khitan words. The system of the Khitan word formation is emerging and a few earlier readings have been corrected.

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Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Authors:
Klára Agyagási
,
András Róna-Tas
, and
Alice Sárközi
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Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Authors:
Imre Baski
,
Mária Ivanics
,
András Róna-Tas
,
Béla Kempf
, and
Alice Sárközi
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Khitan Studies. •

1.The graphs of the khitan small script 3. The consonants. 3.3 The oral velar and uvular consonants *

Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Authors:
Wu Yingzhe
and
András Róna-Tas

Abstract

In the fifth part of this series of papers the authors investigate the way how the Khitan Small Script (KSS) rendered the oral velar and uvular consonants stops in initial position.

Open access

This paper investigates how the Khitan Small Script renders labial stops of the Khitan language in the initial position of words and syllables. Furthermore, it deals with the problems of alloglyphs, drawings of similar shape, and denotations of the same phoneme. The paper begins with the use of glyphs in cases where they transcribe Chinese words. Evidence permitting, this is followed by the use of glyphs in cases of Chinese loanwords and names—subjects in which we have a robust background. Finally, it examines words of Khitan origin with initial labial stops. The result of our investigation is that postaspiration was the distinguishing feature in the binary opposition of labial stops. Alternation of <b> ~ <p> writing is common in cases where a word occurs with high frequency. To demonstrate this, we used the Khitan Corpus published in 2017.

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In the fourth part of this series of papers the authors investigate the way how the Khitan Small Script rendered the dental stops in initial position. They conclude that the main opposition was between the postaspirated and not postaspirated dental stops.

Open access
Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Authors:
Mária Ivanics
,
Miklós Maróth
,
Käthe Uray-Kőhalmi
,
Gyula Wojtilla
,
István Ormos
,
Zoltán Pálfi
,
Zsolt Tokaji
,
Csaba Oláh
,
Erzsébet Tóth
,
Gabriel Pirický
,
László Keller
,
ИЩmвaн Шaнmхa
, and
András Róna-Tas
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