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- Author or Editor: B. Yu x
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Abstract
The interaction of short-lived Rn-daughter products /SLDP/, viz.214Pb and214Bi dissolved in sea-water with Fe/III/ hydroxide colloids followed by flotation of combined Fe-SLDP particles at the sea-air interface subsequently generating marine aerosols enriched in214Bi and214Pb have been studied under laboratory conditions. Rate constants for attachment of214Bi and214Pb to dispersed Fe/III/ colloids in the sea water are found to be 3.7×10–4 min–1 litre [
g/Fe/]–1 and 2.4×10–4 min–1 litre [g/Fe/]–1, resp., /20°C/ over the concentration range of iron /III/ from 8 to 120 g liter–1. The suggested mechanism of colloid flotation and aerosol generation might be responsible for some peculiarities of SLDP distribution in the lower marine atmosphere.
Abstract
Conditions for neptunium recovery from nitrate solution containing large amounts of uranium by extraction with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5 (PMBP), and a mixture of PMBP with di-2-ethyl-hexylphosphoric acid (HDEHP) were studied. A two-stage technique, based on removal of uranium macroamounts at the first stage by means of extraction of uranium with PMBP and HDEHP mixture, and neptunium extraction by PMBP at the second stage, was suggested.
Résumé
Nous décrivons les méthodes de dosage de O, N et C par activation dans les neutrons et les γ. Notre attention principale a été consacrée à écarter l'influence des contaminations de surface et à contrôler l'efficacité de la séparation des isotopes15O,13N,11C.
Abstract
A method for the determination of Hf in an Yb matrix using the reaction176Hf(
, 3n)177W is described. The excitation function of this reaction was measured and the4He ion energy of 36 MeV was chosen.177W was determined by 
-spectrometry after chemical isolation by means of extraction chromatography with tri-n-butyl phosphate. Calibration measurements were carried out with known quantities ofnatHf. The sensitivity limit obtained was at the level of 3·10–8 g/g. The Hf admixtures innatYb and176Yb samples were estimated quantitatively.
Abstract
Determination of microamounts of plutonium isotopes by luminescent radiation in the infra-red region of PbMoO4 crystallophosphors activated by plutonium is proposed. The determination is possible against the background of subtantial amounts of uranium, iron, rare earths and other elements. The detection limit of plutonium is 10–9 g in the samples tested. The accuracy is 0.1 for a confidence level of 0.95.
Abstract
A mathematical model is suggested for the approximation of the monoenergetic gamma-ray spectra obtained by a Ge(Li) detector. Some features of the instrumentation monoline spectra in the energy range upto 2 MeV are considered in detail. Computer program “APPROXIMATSIYA” is described. The program allows to determine the parameters of the mathematical model with the purpose to construct a making up standard spectrum library. The results of the monoline spectrum processing are discussed.
Abstract
The possibility of substoichiometric displacement in ion association systems of metal halogenide anions (chlorides and iodides) and extraction reagent cations is demonstrated. Tetrephenylarsonium halogenide, ternary amines and quaternary ammonium halogenides were used as extraction reagents. The method was applied to the determination of several impurities in aluminium by activation analysis.
Three yeasts from the genus Williopsis (W. saturnus var. mrakii NCYC500, W. saturnus var. saturnus CBS254 and W. californica NCYC2590) were examined for their ability to ferment longan juice and to enhance formation of longan wine aroma compounds. The three yeasts showed similar growth kinetics and pH changes during fermentation. W. californica was the least sugar consumer. Many of the naturally occurring volatiles (ethyl esters, fatty acids, aldehydes, and terpenes) in the juice were partially or completely degraded. The three yeasts varied with their ability to produce and utilise volatiles. Esters were the major volatiles produced with some esters being catabolised while other esters remained stable. The amount of most alcohols increased while of aldehydes decreased. W. saturnus CBS254 was the best producer of ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isoamyl acetate and 2-phenethyl acetate, whereas W. californica NCYC2590 was the highest producer of butyl acetate. Ethanol was produced in similar amounts by W. mrakii and W. saturnus but at a minimal level by W. californica. W. mrakii formed the highest amount of isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol and 2-phenylethyl alcohol. Although the amounts of most of the major volatiles at the end of fermentation (day 14) differed statistically among the yeasts, it remained to be seen whether the quantitative differences can be detected organoleptically. These fi ndings suggest that yeasts from the genus Williopsis could be exploited for longan wine aroma enhancement either singly or in co-inoculation with Saccharomyces.
Summary
Vezetéknév
The applicability of the traditional kinetic power equation to describe the thermal destruction of solids, and in particular polymers, is discussed. It is shown that in the majority of cases the use of such an equation is reasonable, even though the true mechanism of the process under study is either obscure or so complex that it cannot be analytically described in detail. In such cases the effective rather than the true kinetic parameters are obtained and provide certain useful information on the process.
