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Abstract
A series of PA-TD mixtures were prepared and their thermal properties were studied by DSC and thermal conductivity measurement. The phase diagram of the binary system was constructed, which showed an eutectic behavior for the solid-liquid equilibrium line. The eutectic composition of the binary system was at the mass fraction of TD near 0.7 with an eutectic temperature of about 29°C. At TD side, PA was partially miscible in the TD solid matrix and the solid phase transition of TD had an effect on the solidus line. The eutectic composition mixture could be viewed as a new phase change material with large thermal energy storage capacity.
Abstract
The effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on the phase change enthalpy (ΔH) and the thermal conductivity (κ) of a solid-liquid phase change materials (PCM), palmitic acid (PA), have been investigated. The results showed that both the ΔH and the κ of the composite were lower than that of PA when the loading of MWNTs was small. As the concentration of MWNTs in the composites increased, the ΔH of the composites was slightly improved and then decreased linearly. However, the κ of the composites was monotonously increased from the minimum value. When the loading of MWNTs increased to 5% and no surfactant was added, the κ of the composite was enhanced to be 26% higher than that of PA. The κ of the composite could be enhanced by CTAB instead of SDBS when the loading of MWNTs was small, as SDBS showed no obvious effect on the κ of the composites. Furthermore, the effects of surface modification of MWNTs on the ΔH and the κ of the composites have also been investigated.
Abstract
During the past decade, interest has increased in qualifying and quantifying the threat posed to the public by the illegal use of radionuclides. In order to take investigations beyond the laboratory bench into more realistic scenarios, environmental and safety considerations dictate that these studies be performed on stable and benign surrogates. This paper discusses some of these studies, specifically the use of cerium dioxide for actinide ceramics and calcium and natural strontium ceramics for those based on 90Sr.
Abstract
Oleogels have been extensively investigated in the food processing in recent years, and they have become one of the healthier alternative. The possibility of constructing oleogel material in a manner similar to hydrocolloid gel has now been gradually becoming a reality. In this regard, this review provides coverage of the latest developments and applications of oleogels in terms of preparation strategies, physicochemical properties, health aspects, and potential food applications. Both solid fat content and crystallisation behaviour are discussed for oleogels fabricated by gelators and under different conditions. Oleogels could replace hydrogenated vegetable oils in food product, reduce the fatty acid content, and be used to prepare food products such as meat, ice-cream, chocolate, bread, and biscuits with desirable properties. The aims were to assess the formation mechanism, construction methods of oleogels and the advance on the application of oleogel structures in the food field, as well as the further exploration of oleogels and in complex food systems in the future.
Abstract
The recombination of hydrogen and oxygen in technical gaseous waste of nuclear power plants has been studied. A highly efficient catalyst for reacting H2 with O2 to form water was prepared. Various operating conditions and factors affecting the recombination of H2 and O2 were tested and the best conditions were determined. Results show that the Pd–Al2O3 catalyst prepared had very good characteristics. The recombination rate of H2 and O2 was higher than 98.3% and 99.9%, respectively. After recombination, residual concentrations of H2 and O2 in waste gas were O2<3 ppm, H2<400 ppm. The Pd–Al2O3 catalyst and operating conditions determined for gaseous waste processing of nuclear power plants were satisfactory.
Summary
A reversed-phase chiral liquid chromatographic method had been developed and validated for resolution of the enantiomers of racemic fudosteine. The effects on the separation of the amounts of anhydrous cupric sulfate and l-phenylalanine, the methanol content, mobile phase pH, and temperature were investigated. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, intermediate precision, sample recovery, solution stability, and limits of detection (LOD). l-Phenylalanine and anhydrous cupric sulfate as chiral ligand-exchange complexes were used for separation, isomer identification, related substance investigation, and analysis of fudosteine enantiomers in fudosteine bulk drugs and fudosteine tablets.
Abstract
Positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) experiments are performed in polycarbonate (PC) exposed to CO2 and He gases as a function of time and pressure. In PC/CO2 systems, hole size and fraction reduced from PAL data increase as a function of CO2 pressure and exposure time. Significant hysteresis in positron lifetime data is observed during CO2 abasorption/desorption. In PC/He systems, no variation is observed. Hole size distribution in the CO2-exposed polymers is found to be significantly broader than in unexposed samples. The high sensitivity of PAL results to CO2 exposure of PC is thought to relate to the microstructural changes in the polymer matrix, such as penetrant plasticization, gas hydrostatic pressure effect, and molecular filling and creation of holes.
Abstract
The effect of mechanical alloying on Zn-Sb alloy system is investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser grain size analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) respectively. The results of laser particle size analysis shows that the particle size decreases with increasing of the grinding time between 0 and 24 h. XRD and DSC results indicate that longer the grinding time of Zn-Sb is, the more content of Zn4Sb3 become in the product in this process.
