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- Author or Editor: Y. Chen x
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Abstract
The radiation effect of γ-ray on polyether-urethane foam was studied. The gas products from irradiated samples were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by gas chromatography, the thermal property and radical intensity were determined by differential thermal gravimetry and electron spin resonance. The dynamic mechanical property, compression and tensile properties were analyzed. Positron annihilation lifetime of irradiated samples was also measured at room temperature in vacuum. The results show that the general mechanical properties of ETPU sample irradiated by γ-rays at a dose of 8.0·105 Gy is excellent, but there are considerable gas products and a great deal of radicals created, which indicates that the sample has been damaged by radiation. Relatively, the thermal stability of the sample remained fine.
Summary
A rapid, simple, and practical high-performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of norephedrine (NME), norpseudoephedrine (NMP), ephedrine (E), pseudoephedrine (PE), and methylephedrine (ME) in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) which contained Ephedrae Herba (Ephedra). This analysis could be accomplished within 12.5 min with an Alltima Phenyl Column by isocratic elution using a mixture of KH2PO4 (20 mM)-acetonitrile (96:4, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow-rate of 0.6 mL min−1 and a wavelength of 210 nm. This method was successfully applied to quantify ephedra alkaloids in both Ma-xing-gan-shi decoction and Ephedra decoction. The concentration of total ephedra alkaloids (4.62 mg mL−1) in Ma-xing-gan-shi decoction was much lower than that (7.10 mg mL−1) in Ephedra decoction. Furthermore, the concentration of NME, NMP, E, PE, and ME was significantly lower in Ma-xing-gan-shi decoction than that in Ephedra decoction, respectively. The method was easily acceptable and would be popular with most analytical laboratories.
Abstract
The concentration of 8 REEs (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb and Lu) in 17 species of plants and their host soil, which were collected from a rare earth ore area located in the south of China, have been determined by INAA. The chondritic normalized REE patterns for different parts of plants (e.g., leaf stem and root) and their host soils were studied. The results showed that the concentration levels of REE for most plants in the sampling area were elevated. Particularly, the leaves of the fern (Dicranopteris dichotoma) contain extremely high concentration of the total REE (675–3358 
g/g) Generally, these REE distribution patterns in every part of plants were very similar and reflected the characteristics of their host soils. However, the chondritic normalized REE patterns in some plants relative to the host soil revealed obvious fractionation, such as the depletion of the heavy REE (for fernCitrus reticulata andBrassia campestris), the heavy REE enrichment (forCamellia sinensis, Camellia oleifera andZiziphus) and the Ce positive anomaly (forGardenia jasminoides).
Abstract
Biochemical techniques, including pH variation, outsalting, ultracentrifugation, gel filtration chromatography and electrophoresis, etc., have been employed together with instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) to study the rare earth elements (REE) bound proteins in the natural plant fern,Dicranopteris dichitoma. INAA was also used to identify whether the proteins were bound firmly with REE. The results obtained show that two REE bound proteins (RBP-I and RBP-II) have been separated. The molecular weight of RBP-I on Sephadex G-200 gel column is about 8·105 Daltons and that of RBP-II is less than 12,400 Daltons, respectively. However, SDS-PAGE of the two proteins shows that they mainly have two protein subunits with MW 14,100 and 38,700 Daltons. They are probably conjugated proteins, glycoproteins with different glyco-units.
Abstract
57Co was produced with high pure nature iron irradiated by 8.5MeV deuterons. TBP-benzene extraction method and anion-exchange method were used to separate and purify it. The purified57Co was prepared into standard solution of about 30 to 50 
g Co2+/ml carrier concentration and about 0.1 mol/l HCl. The specific activity of the standard solution was measured with 4 
(ppc)-
coincidence counting method. The final result was 476.82(1±0.42%)Bq/mg.
Abstract
Low-temperature positron lifetime and Doppler broadening measurements were made in MgO crystals containing D– or H– ions in order to investigate the temperature dependence of the positron trapping by D– and H– ions and elucidate the possible formation of PsD (PsH) states. Positrons are trapped at D– and H– ions once the oxygen vacancies, which are more effective positron traps, are eliminated by annealing the crystals at high temperatures in a reducing atmosphere. From the temperature dependence of the annihilation parameters the positron trapping coefficients for D– and H– centers were shown to increase with temperature between 100–300 K. The lifetime of the PsD (PsH) state is (650±30) ps and temperature independent. The dissociation rate of the PsD (PsH) state into D (H) and Ps is also temperature independent. No isotopic effect was observed.
Abstract
DSC and TG-DTA techniques were used to investigate micro-sized silver powder particles and the adsorption of ethyl cellulose on these particles in a solution of ethyl acetate. The apparent specific heat of the silver particles was determined, and the kinetics of temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of these adsorbed silver particles was investigated. Results show that the apparent specific heat and desorption kinetic parameters obtained by thermal analysis techniques could be used to characterize certain physico-chemical properties of such a particulate system.
Abstract
According to the theoretical basis of thermokinetics, the integral and differential thermokinetic equations of opposing reactions have been derived, and a novel thermokinetic research method, the characteristic parameter method for opposing reactions which taking place in a batch conduction calorimeter under isothermal condition, has been proposed in this paper. Only needing the characteristic thermoanalytical data corresponding to tm and 2tm from the same curve, the rate constants of forward and backward reactions and equilibrium constant can be calculated simultaneously with this method. In order to test the validity of this method, the proton-transfer reactions of nitroethane with ammonia at 15 and 25°C, and with trihydroxymethyl aminomethane (Tris) at 15 and 30°C have been studied, respectively. The results of rate constants and equilibrium constants calculated with this method are in agreement with those in the literature. Therefore, the characteristic parameter method for opposing reaction is believed to be correct.
Testing of some dynamic kinetic equations
Part III. Zero-order reaction
The acid-catalysed iodination of acetone in aqueous solution was used to test three dynamic kinetic equations. The Freeman and Carroll treatment yields the most satisfactory results.
