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In the present paper two species of leafhoppers (Cicadomorpha, Cicadellidae) are reported for the first time from Hungary. Both species were collected from ornamental plants along highway margins in the vicinity of Budapest. Liguropia juniperi (Lethierry, 1876) has already been reported from several European countries. Opsius smaragdinus Emeljanov, 1964 has only been previously reported from Ukraine and Asian part of Turkey.
Hausmann, K., Hülsmann, N. and Radek, R. (2003): Protistology, 3rd completely revised edition. - E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 379 pp. (With 384 figures and 22 tables); Krammer, K. and Lange-Bertalot, H. (2004): Achnanthaceae. Kritische Ergänzungen zu Achnanthes s. l., Navicula s. str., Gomphonema. Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis Teil 2/4. Ergänzter Nachdruck. - In: Ettl, et al. (eds) (2004): Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2/4. Bacillariophyceae 4. Teil. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, 468 pp.; Larkum, A. W. D., Douglas, S. E. and Raven, J. A. (eds) (2003): Photosynthesis in algae. - In: Govindjee (ed.): Advances in photosynthesis and respiration. Volume 14. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 479 pp.; Magurran, A. E. (ed.) (2003): Measuring Biological Diversity. - Blackwell Science Ltd., Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 260 pp. (ISBN-632-05633-9); Pena, L. (ed.) (2004): Transgenic plants - methods and protocols (Methods in molecular biology, Vol. 286). - Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, 437 pp. (ISBN 1-59259-827-7);
Identification and classification of numerous Festucaspecies is still a difficult problem due to the close morphological resemblance. The most difficult fine fescues to identify belong to the Festucaovinaaggregate, which is the largest group in the genus Festuca. Many taxons are considered to be separate species based on quantitative taxonomic characters, differences in ploidy level or the structure of sclerenchyma cells. In order to evaluate the taxonomic value of DNA-based markers, sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region and the chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron was performed in the ten most problematic fine fescues belonging to the Festuca ovinaaggregate. Intraspecific ITS variants were found in a single case while in other cases only intragenomic ITS polymorphisms were detected with 1-2 ambiguous positions. Among the sequences of the trnL (UAA) intron even intragenomic polymorphisms were not detected in any of the Festucaspecies studied. Thus, the results do not support the species status of these ten taxa.
The yield potential of wheat depends not only on genetic × environmental interactions, but also on various agronomic factors such as sowing date or the seed rate used for sowing. The main aim of this work was to determine possible correlations between the effects of different sowing dates and plant densities on the yield components of a collection of 48 wheat genotypes. Two-way analysis of variance on the data revealed that both sowing date and plant density, as main components, only had a minor effect on the yield component patterns. Correlation analysis, however, indicated that the sowing date had a greater effect on the yield components, while plant density was in closer correlation with the heading time (r = 0.90). The patterns determined for individual yield components at two different sowing dates and plant densities showed significant differences for spike length, spike fertility, grain number in the main spike, number of productive tillers, grain number on side tillers, mean grain number and grain weight. Genotypes that carry the winter (recessive) alleles of genes regulating vernalisation processes (VRN-A1, VRN-B1, VRN-D1) and the sensitive (recessive) alleles of the two genes responsible for photoperiod sensitivity (PPD-B1, PPD-D1) may have better tillering and consequently higher grain yield, though this may depend greatly on the year.
Molecular polymorphism of six species of Thysanoptera of both sexes, collected from different locations and host plants in Hungary was studied by using RAPD-PCR technique. The specimens were classified according to sampling sites (Gödöllo, Nagykovácsi and Valkó), host plants (Lathyrus tuberosus, Medicago sativa, Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium pratense), sexes, and larvae in case of Aeolothrips intermedius. On the basis of the total of 103 fragments generated by 15 RAPD primers the genetic distances were calculated by cluster analysis using simple matching method. The dendrogram resulted in two main groups: Aeolothripidae (Aeolothrips intermedius) and Thripidae (Frankliniella intonsa, Kakothrips robustus, Odontothrips confusus, Thrips dilatatus and T. tabaci). Within the family Thripidae two subgroups were observed including (i) F. intonsa, T. dilatatus and T. tabaci, and (ii) K. robustus and O. confusus. Two population-specific and one sex-linked fragments were identified by the RAPD primers, OPQ14, NO11 and OPA08, respectively.
Plankton samples collected from a yellow watered bog pool of the mesotrophic “Călăţele Pădurii” peat bog (Romanian Western Mountains, Transylvania), exhibited an outstandingly rich Mallomonas population. The observations carried out by light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the population belongs to Mallomonas intermedia Kisselev. Based on the presence of lance head bristles, distributed all over the cell armour (except few anterior collar, unilaterally serrated ones), it became evident that the population belong to the nominate variety (var. intermedia). Mallomonas intermedia var. saliceaensis formerly described from Transylvania differs by the type variety by the presence of exclusively serrated bristles. The present finding proved that Mallomonas intermedia could not be properly identified at infraspecific level solely based on the ultra structure of scales, without knowing the structure of bristles, too.
The suitability of benthic diatoms in the biological monitoring program of the water quality of Lake Velence was tested. Diatom indices were calculated with the aid of the software Omnidia based on reed periphyton samples collected between 1988 and 1990, and 1999 to 2004. We have pointed out which indices are appropriate for indicating the water quality changes of Lake Velence. The correlation between the indices IBD, IPS, IDG, and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus content of the water and chlorophyll-a content of the periphyton was calculated. Significant negative correlation was found between the indices and the total phosphorus content of the water. Moreover, we concluded that the chlorophyll-a content of the periphyton related to surface area can also provide information about the water quality. Based on these results the index IBD seems to be the most suitable for the water quality analysis of Lake Velence. Recommendations are provided here concerning the ecological status classification of Lake Velence based on epiphytic diatoms; unaccounted questions and future assignments are also outlined in connection with this.
