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- Author or Editor: S. Srivastava x
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Abstract
The uptake and release kinetics of134Cs by Goldfish (Carassius auratus) and137Cs by Zebra Fish (Brachydanio rerio) from aquatic media of different ionic compositions and temperature was studied in controlled laboratory conditions. The accumulation of radiocesium in the case ofBrachydanio rerio is observed to be strongly dependent on the potassium ion concentration of the aquatic medium, but in the case ofCarassius auratus this dependence is quite weak. The biological half-lives of the cesium isotopes incorporated into the fish investigated in the present work vary from 19 to 80 days and are influenced by the temperature and the ionic composition of the aquatic medium.
Thermal and infrared spectral studies of the urea-orthoboric acid complex are reported. The complex is formed through the elimination of 0.5 H2O molecule. Infrared spectral data show the presence of hydrogen-bonding and the force constant calculated for the N ... HO bond is found to be 4−5×10−5 dyne cm−1, which is for the order of a single bond and indicates strong hydrogen-bonding in the complex. A tentative structure for the complex is proposed.
Abstract
Ion-exchange papers were prepared by impregnating chromatographic Whatman No. 3 paper with pyridinium tungstoarsenate exchanger. The composition of the material loaded on the paper shows that the compound has the formula (C5H5NH)3 W1 2AsO4 0·Rf values of 30 metal ions were determined on these ion-exchange papers by developing with ascending technique in solvents containing mixtures of n-propanol and hydrochloric or nitric acid. Several binary, ternary and some quaternary separations were also achieved on these papers. Studies were also made on plain papers for comparison.
Abstract
Copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene were prepared by emulsion polymerization using ammonium persulphate and sodium metabisulphite as initiators in presence of cyclohexane. Several copolymer samples were prepared by changing initial pressure of ethylene from 100 to 250 psi. The copolymer composition was determined by 1H-NMR and thermogravimetric analysis in nitrogen atmosphere.
Research over the last few years has shown that inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Azorhizobium presents an alternative for (or supplement to) chemical fertilization, mainly due to the capability of the bacteria to produce plant growth- promoting hormones. The Azorhizobium caulinodans strain ORS 571 in combination with 2,4-D was able to colonize the root interior of an Indian maize cultivar. After transplanting to pots, it was noticed that nodulated and Azorhizobium -treated plants showed higher chlorophyll content in the leaf and enhanced nitrate reductase activity, leading to higher yield as compared to the control plants (non-nodulated). A plant growth-promoting effect was clearly visible in all inoculated plants examined. nodulated plants treated with Azorhizobium had higher physiological activities as compared to plants treated only with Azorhizobium . Azorhizobium therefore creates potentially better symbiosis in the form of para -nodules and promotes a higher level of nitrogen fixation, leading to better growth and plant development, with reduced requirements for chemical fertilizers.
Abstract
The fractional cumulative yields of135I,138Xe and140Ba in the 
particle (30 MeV) induced fission of232Th have been determined following the growth and decay of135gXe,138gCs and140La, respectively, employing high resolution gamma ray spectroscopy. The fractional cumulative yield values are 0.766±0.02, 0.813±0.03 and 0.991±0.004, respectively. The analysis of the data indicates a broader width of charge distribution (
) compared to the normally observed =0.56±0.06 for thermal neutron fission of235U.
Summary
Germanium-68 is produced at the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer (BLIP) by irradiating natGa targets with ~45 MeV protons. Typical irradiation yields are 17.4 GBq (470 mCi) from a 4 week irradiation (0.52 MBq/µAh). Germanium-68 is recovered from the target by extraction into 4N HCl and 30% H2O2. Further purification is achieved by extraction into carbon tetrachloride and back-extraction into H2O. Recovery yields are greater than 85%, with greater than 99% radiopurity, and activity concentrations are greater than 3.15 GBq/ml (85 mCi/ml). The final pH of the product solution, which is 0.03M diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA), can now be adjusted to user specifications.
Lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) is a tri-acylglycerol ester hydrolase, catalysing the hydrolysis of tri-, di-, and mono-acylglycerols to glycerol and fatty acids. To study the effect of adsorption of a lipase obtained from Bacillus coagulans BTS-1, its lipase was immobilized on native and activated (alkylated) matrices, i.e. silica and celite. The effect of pH, temperature, detergents, substrates, alcohols, organic solvent etc. on the stability of the immobilized enzyme was evaluated. The gluteraldahyde or formaldehyde (at 1% and 2% concentration, v/v) activated matrix was exposed to the Tris buffered lipase. The enzyme was adsorbed/entrapped more rapidly on to the activated silica than on the activated celite. The immobilized lipase showed optimal activity at 50ºC following one-hour incubation. The lipase was specifically more hydrolytic to the medium C-length ester (p-nitro phenyl caprylate than p-nitro phenyl laurate). The immobilization/entrapment enhanced the stability of the lipase at a relatively higher temperature (50ºC) and also promoted enzyme activity at an acidic pH (pH 5.5). Moreover, the immobilized lipase was quite resistant to the denaturing effect of SDS.
The thermal decomposition behaviour of copper oxalate hemihydrate and its complexes with different amines has been studied by TG and DTA methods in nitrogen and air atmospheres. The complexes CuC2O4 · 0.5 H2O, CuC2O4(NH3)2 and CuC2O4(py) produced Cu2O as final residue after decomposition, whereas, another group of complexes, CuC2O4(EtNH2)2, CuC2O4(MeNH2)2, CuC2O4(en)2 and CuC2O4(An)2, gave a final residue of CuO. All the complexes decomposed without forming any isolable stable intermediate; an exception was CuC2O4(en)2, which formed a binuclear intermediate complex, [CuC2O4en]2.
A two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effect of three zinc levels 0, 20 kg ZnSO4 ha−1 and 20 kg ZnSO4 ha−1 + foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 solution on plant height, leaf area, shoot biomass, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content in different wheat genotypes. Increasing zinc levels was found to be beneficial in improving growth and physiological aspects of genotypes. Soil application + foliar spray proved to be the best application in improving all the parameters. Zinc application brought about a maximum increment limit of 41.8% in plant height, 101.8% in leaf area, 86% in shoot biomass and 51.1% in photosynthetic rate irrespective of stages and year of study. A variation was found to occur among genotypes in showing responses towards zinc application and PBW 550 was found to be more responsive.
