Search Results
You are looking at 81 - 88 of 88 items for
- Author or Editor: A Vértes x
- Refine by Access: All Content x
Abstract
The discovery of radioactivity started the nuclear research. The nuclear techniques are very powerful tools in structural chemistry, as well. We would like to support this statement by two examples in this paper. We present a series of Mössbauer measurements which give information about the coordination structure of some dibutyltin (IV) complexes of carbohydrate derivates. The other example will demonstrate how the positron lifetime spectra can reflect the temperature dependence of water structure.
Abstract
57Fe and 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopy as well as RF susceptibility measurements were applied to study the effects of Pr substitution either into the rare earth or into the Ba site in Eu1–x
Pr
x
Ba2Cu3O7–
and EuBa2–x
Pr
x
Cu3O7–
, respectively. Site mixing of Pr between the rare earth and Ba sites could be excluded by the utilization of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. It was found that there exists a correlation between the 151Eu isomer shift and the onset temperature of the superconducting transition independent of the location of Pr. RF susceptibility measurements provide an evidence for a difference in the magnetic moment of Pr substituted for the Eu or Ba sites. The obtained results can be explained by hole filling as the dominant effect of Pr substitution.
Abstract
Sediments from the Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, were investigated by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and radiometry. Quartz, feldspar, chlorite, calcite, dolomite, mica, kaolinite, hematite and magnetite were identified as constituent minerals in the sediment samples. The phase composition and the iron distribution among the crystallographic sites of iron-bearing minerals (silicates, magnetite and hematite) of samples from different location have been derived from the complex Mössbauer spectra. At different locations sediments had significant characteristic differences in the mineral composition, in the iron distribution among the crystallographic site of silicates, and in the specific radioactivity of Cs radionuclides. These results indicate differences in the rock formation and alteration by the sediments in this maritime part of Antarctica. There is a much higher amount of iron oxides in the sediments from south part of the geological fault across the Admiralty Bay than in the north part. This can be associated with much more alteration in the rocks in the south part compared to the northern one. This finding can contribute to the question of the history of the formation and alteration of volcanic rocks in the border of Antarctica.
Abstract
Our work proves that positron annihilation spectroscopy is an excellent tool to follow the structural changes in chemical species. We present four examples to support the above statement. The sizes of defects in electrodeposited chromium layers were studied and estimated on the basis of positron lifetime spectra decomposed into two components. Vacancies, di-vacancies and vacancy-clusters could be identified in the electrodeposites. The changes of the size distribution of the free volume units in poly(methylmetacrylate) on the dependence of molecular weight and dispersity were described by the correlation between the lifetime ofortho-Ps and the free volume units in polymers. It was found that the free volume is affected by both the molecular weight and dispersity. The effect of dispersity was explained by the sample preparation technique, namely by the application of high pressure. The ortho-para conversion ofortho-Ps was used to follow the partial spin-crossover in [Fe(1-ethyl-1H-tetrazole)6](BF4)2. The spin-crossover temperature was identified to be 105 K. A conformal structural transformation was found in [Zn(1-propyl-1H-tetrazole)6](BF4)2 between 170 and 90 K by positronium lifetime measurement and the role of (BF4)2− anion, in this transformation, was proved by19F NMR spectroscopy.
Abstract
Thin films prepared by vacuum evaporation of 57Fe and subsequent low energy ion implantation were investigated by conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy and AFM measurements. A sextet with Mössbauer parameters of δ = 0.1 mm/s and B = 26 T appearing in the CEM spectra was identified as amorphous iron. Passivation and phosphonation of the thin films revealed the high affinity of amorphous iron in chemical reactions.
Abstract
57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to study the effects of heavy ion irradiation on (Bi0.93Pb0.17)Sr1.9Ca2.05(Cu1.02Fe0.01)3Oy superconductors. The Mössbauer spectra of the irradiated superconductor showed significant changes in the subspectra belonging to different Cu microenvironments into which Fe ions were substituted. The relative occurrence of Fe occupying the square pyramidal fivefold oxygen coordinated Cu sites decreased while Fe3 + substituting the square planar fourfold oxygen coordinated Cu sites increased upon bombardment by 246 MeV 86Kr8+ ions. This observation was interpreted on the basis of partial replacement of the apical oxygen atoms in the square pyramids surrounding one of the Cu sites. Such oxygen vacancies create additional square planar coordination sites for Cu. These results also support the covalent character of Cu-O bonds in the superconducting layer as well as the ionic character of bond of apical oxygen to Cu.
Summary
A fundamental requirement for electrodeposition systems of the 21st century is that the processes involved should be environmentally safe, as well as they should be suited to replace hazardous conventional processes thereby supporting global sustainability. Conventional plating baths contain hazardous components and facilitate the generation of non-desirable compounds. The subject of the present article is the electrodeposition of Fe, Co, and Fe-Co alloys from an electrolyte based on gluconate. Preliminary studies showed that good quality iron-cobalt alloy coatings could be obtained on copper substrates from an environmentally acceptable gluconate plating system. The gluconate bath is inexpensive, non-toxic and easily disposed of. We report the successful deposition of Fe, Co and Fe-Co alloys from a modified gluconate based electrolyte which has not been used previously to deposit these materials. The effect of process parameters, such as current density, pH and deposition time were investigated using the gluconate electrolyte at a temperature of 60 °C and a pH of 7. The phase composition, crystal structure and magnetic anisotropy of the obtained alloy deposits are correlated with the applied process parameters. The structural analysis of the deposits is mainly based on 57Fe CEMS and XRD measurements. α-Fe and Co-Fe were identified as dominant phases in Fe and Co/Fe deposits, respectively. The magnetic anisotropy of the Fe-containing deposits was found to correlate with the current density applied during deposition. The time of electrodeposition, at the same time, had little if any effect on the magnetic anisotropy of the obtained deposits. The mechanism and formation of the electrodeposits are discussed on the basis of the obtained results.
Abstract
In this paper we present 57Co emission Mössbauer and AC magnetic susceptibility studies of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-δ perovskite. The observed coexistence of paramagnetic and magnetic subspectra in the 57Co emission Mössbauer spectra, as well as the difference of their isomer shifts support the existence of electronic phase separation in this perovskite, in good agreement with the double exchange based cluster model.
