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- Author or Editor: L. Marta x
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Abstract
This work reports the study of Bi4V2–xBaxO11–1.5x (0.02≤x≤0.50) series, which is a potential source of solid electrolytes to apply in oxygen sensors. X-ray powder diffraction was used to point out the formation of major ionic conductive phases and minor ones. The modifications of vanadate substructure were probed, at short range, by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry evidenced the formation of tetragonal γ phase, which can be ionic conductive, for x=0.14.
Thermal and structural investigation of some oxalato-niobium complexes
III. Strontium tris(oxalato)oxoniobate
Abstract
The paper presents a new, nonconventional method, based upon coprecipitation, for the synthesis of niobium oxidic compounds. The coprecipitation product of niobic acid with calcium oxalate was used as precursor. Calcium metaniobate was obtained by appropriate thermal treatment of the coprecipitate. The coprecipitation mechanism was studied and the optimal conditions for quantitative precipitation of niobium and calcium were established. The mechanism of thermal decomposition of the coprecipitate was investigated by means of differential thermal analysis and X-ray powder diagrams. The final product of thermal decomposition, calcium metaniobate, is formed at 730°C.
Abstract
The paper reports a new, nonconventional method for the preparation of oxygen-containing niobium compounds, based upon coprecipitation. The coprecipitation product of niobic acid with lead oxalate was used as precursor. Lead metaniobate was obtained by proper thermal treatment of the coprecipitate. The coprecipitate mechanism was studied and the optimal conditions for quantitative precipitation of niobium and lead were established. The mechanism of thermal decomposition of the coprecipitate was investigated by differential thermal analysis and X-ray powder diagrams. The final product of thermal decomposition, lead metaniobate, is formed at 850C.
The paper presents a new, non-traditional method for the synthesis of barium metaniobate, BaNb2O6, and of a mixed barium-strontium metaniobate, Ba0.29Sr0.71Nb2O6, through the thermal decomposition of coprecipitation products. The conditions of quantitative precipitation of the metals as niobic acid and barium or barium-strontium oxalate were established. The mechanism of thermal decomposition of the coprecipitate was deduced from differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction date. Barium metaniobate forms at 470°C, below the temperature required in the synthesis based upon the solid-state reaction between Nb2O5 and BaCO3 (1100°C). The mixed barium-strontium compound is formed at 700°C, below the 1100°C used in the reaction between Nb2O5, BaCO3 and SrCO3.
Thermal and kinetic study of statins
Simvastatin and lovastatin
Abstract
Statins are a group of lipoproteins that are used in medicine to treat the high cholesterol level. The effectiveness of statins in reducing the cholesterol level is significant and in long time scale the reduction of the cholesterol level helps to avoid the incidence of degenerative diseases. Simvastatin and lovastatin are belonging to the ‘statins’ family, one of the pharmacologic groups used in the control of dislipidemy. The objective of this work is the thermal stability and kinetic study of the active forms of simvastatin and lovastatin. Thermal data indicated that lovastatin and simvastatin are stable up to 190 and 170°C in air and up to 205 and 203°C in nitrogen, respectively. For melting temperatures DSC curves showed good correlation with the literature data. Comparing the activation energies of the statins at heating rate of 10°C min–1, lovastatin is more stable than simvastatin under the applied experimental conditions.
Abstract
The most feasible alternative among fuels derived from biomass seems to be the biodiesel, having the required characteristics for a total or partial substitution of diesel oil. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate the thermal and rheological behavior of the blends of diesel with the methanol biodiesel obtained from soybean oil, using B5, B15 and B25 blends. All thermogravimetric curves exhibited one overlapping mass loss step in the 35–280C temperature range at air atmosphere and one step between 37–265C in nitrogen. The rheological study showed a Newtonian behavior (n=1) for all blends.
Abstract
This work presents the characterization and the kinetic compensation effect of corn biodiesel obtained by the methanol and ethanol routes. The biodiesel was characterized by physico-chemical analyses, gas chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and thermal analysis. The physico-chemical properties indicated that the biodiesel samples meet the specifications of the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) standards. The analyses by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy indicated the ester formation. Gas chromatography indicated that biodiesel was obtained with an ester content above 97%. The kinetic parameters were determined with three different heating rates, and it was observed that both the methanol and ethanol biodiesel obeyed the kinetic compensation effect.
