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- Author or Editor: M. Sabo x
- Materials and Applied Sciences x
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Mineral composition of grain of some new winter wheat genotypes in Croatia was studied. The following genotypes were selected: Lara, Lenta Kruna Fiesta, AG-45 and Perla which were taken from macrotrials during two vegetation periods of 1997/98 and 1998/99 at two locations in Donji Miholjac and Kutjevo. N-concentration was determined by the micro-Kjeldahl method, P spectrophotometrically and concentration of K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn by the AAS method (atomic absorption spectrophotometry). Interaction between the examined parameters was defined by multiple regression and correlation analysis. The results showed higher concentrations of N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Cu, and Mn, except for Fe, in the grain from Donji Miholjac than from Kutjevo. High concentration variability of macro and microelements in the grain of the examined genotypes depended on location and growing year. Concentration of macro and microelements in the grain did not have significant correlation with the grain yield for the examined genotypes, apart from N and Mg concentration.
The effect of tillage systems (TS) on wheat quality traits including grain yield, thousand-kernels weight, hectoliter mass, flour extraction rate and flour rheological properties were evaluated. Five different TS were compared in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production on one experimental field (chernosem) located in the Baranya region, north-eastern Croatia from 1998 to 2001. Tillage systems included conventional tillage (CT), disc harrowing, fine till (DHF), soil loosening (SL) + disc harrowing (DH), disc harrowing, coarse till (DHC) and no-tillage (NT). The most stable grain yield was obtained by DHF and CT in all three experimental years. There was no striking regularity with regard to applied TS and hectoliter mass and thousand-kernels weight. The biggest difference of hectoliter mass was determined between CT and NT. TS had significant influence on the flour extraction rate in all three experimental years. The influence of TS on farinographic parameters was significant for all three experimental years for the quality number. Quality number was greater under CT than under other TS. Tillage effect on extensographic and amylographic parameters in the 3-year average did not show statistically significant differences. To sum up, since disc harrowing (DHF) and (DHC) followed by soil loosening with chisel produced equal grain yield and wheat quality parameters were slightly better than conventional tillage, these systems could be presented as an even handed replacement for ploughing.
