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- Author or Editor: S. Sun x
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Abstract
The partition of uranium(VI) between nitric acid solutions and solutions of N,N-dibutyldodecanamide (DBDA) in kerosene has been investigated at varying concentrations of nitric acid, extractant, salting-out agent LiNO3 and at different temperatures. The mechanism of extraction is discussed in the light of the results obtained.
Abstract
A new diamide N,N,N
,N-tetrahexylsuccinylamide (THSA) was synthesized, characterised and used for the extraction of U(V) and Th(IV) from nitric acid solutions in a diluent composed of 50% 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (TMB) and 50% kerosene (OK). Extraction distribution coefficients of U(VI) and Th(IV) as a function of aqueous nitric acid concentration, extractant concentration and temperature have been studied. The composition of extracted species, equilibrium constants and enthalpies of extraction reactions have also been calculated. The IR spectra of saturated extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) were recorded.
Abstract
The development of a new radionuclide generator, based on118Te/118Sb, has been studied. The 3.5 minute118Sb daughter activity decays principally by positron emission and has potential use as a flow tracer. The118Te parent is conveniently produced by proton bombardment of antimony targets. A simple and efficient scheme for the separation of radiotellurium from proton-irradiated antimony targets has been developed, and thin-target cross sections for121Sb(p, 4n)118Te and competing reactions have been determined. For antimony targets irradiated with 46 MeV protons, the yields (mCi/g 
Ah) of118Te,119mTe and119Te were measured to be 0.71, 0.33 and 1.9, respectively. The adsorption and elution characteristics of activated carbon for tellurium have been evaluated for use as a column chromatography adsorbent in a118Te/118Sb generator. The conditions for optimal118Sb elution and minimal118Te breakthrough for promising systems are presented.
Abstract
Prompt k 0-factors relative to chlorine and relative g-emission intensities were determined for the strong non-1/v absorbers 113Cd, 149Sm, 151Eu,155Gd and 157Gd. Measurements were performed using the SNU-KAERI prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) facility at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). For proper experimental determination of the prompt k 0-factors, the effective g-factor and cadmium ratio were taken into account, in consideration of the effects from the non-1/v capture cross section and neutron spectrum in the thermal and epithermal energy region. By using the actual spectrum of the neutron beam in this study, the effective g-factor was obtained by calculation, and the influence of epithermal neutrons on the capture rate was corrected by measuring the cadmium ratio for each non-1/v target isotope. The measured prompt k 0-factors were used to check the consistency between the existing dataset of the absolute g-emission intensity and the 2200 m/s capture cross section for these isotopes.
Abstract
The symmetrical type of diamide, N,N,N
,N-tetrabutylmalonamide (TBMA) was synthesized, characterized and used for the extraction of uranyl(II) ion from nitric acid media in a diluent composed of 50% 1,2,3-trimethyl benzene (TMB) and 50% kerosene (OK). The effects of nitric acid concentration, uranyl(II) ion concentration, extractant concentration, temperature and salting-out agent (LiNO3) on distribution coefficients of uranyl(II) ion have been studied. The formation of an 1
21 uranyl(II) ion, nitrate ion and N,N,N,N-tetrabutylmalonamide complex as extracted species was further confirmed by IR spectra of the saturated extraction of uranyl(II) ion with TBMA, the values the themodynamic functions have also been calculated.
Abstract
Synthesis, characterization and thermal analysis of polyaniline (PANI)/ZrO2 composite and PANI was reported in our early work. In this present, the kinetic analysis of decomposition process for these two materials was performed under non-isothermal conditions. The activation energies were calculated through Friedman and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall methods, and the possible kinetic model functions have been estimated through the multiple linear regression method. The results show that the kinetic models for the decomposition process of PANI/ZrO2 composite and PANI are all D3, and the corresponding function is ƒ(α)=1.5(1−α)2/3[1−(1-α)1/3]−1. The correlated kinetic parameters are E a=112.7±9.2 kJ mol−1, lnA=13.9 and E a=81.8±5.6 kJ mol−1, lnA=8.8 for PANI/ZrO2 composite and PANI, respectively.
Abstract
Thermal behaviour of tri(O,O'-diisopropyldithiophosphate)cobalt(III), Co(dptp)3 and bis (O,O'-diethyldithiophosphate)nickel(II), Ni(detp)2 and its adducts with pyridine, Ni(detp)2(py)2 or 4-methylpyridine, Ni(detp)(mpy)2 in a dynamic nitrogen atmosphere was investigated by TG-DTG and DSC techniques, which showed a medium endothermic peak for the evolution process of pyridine(or 4-methylpyridine) and a strong exothermic peak for that of O,O'-diethyldithiophosphate. The thermal stability and decomposition patterns for these compounds were compared and interpreted in terms of structural features such as bond character and steric effects. The kinetic parameters and mechanisms of every decomposition stage involved for all these complexes were obtained employing the non-isothermal kinetic analysis method suggested by Malek et al., which showed the kinetics mechanism for pyrolysis of pyridine(or 4-methylpyridine) is an S-B empirical model with lower activation energy, while that of O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphate is a diffusion model. These results are in accord with the fact that two ligands are of different type.
Abstract
AP/HTPB based composite propellants with additives such as ammonium oxalate (AO), mixture of ammonium oxalate and strontium carbonate (SC) was investigated by burning rate, TG-DTG and FTIR experiments. The results show that the burning rates of these propellants are decreased significantly. TG-DTG experiments indicate that decomposition temperatures of AP with these additives are increased. Furthermore, the activation energy of the decomposition reaction of AP is also increased in the presence of AO or AO/SC. These results show that AO or AO/SC restrains the decomposition of AP. The burning rates of these propellants are decreased. The burning rate temperature sensitivity of AP/HTPB based propellants is reduced significantly by the addition of AO or AO/SC. But the effect of AO is less than that of AO/SC. AO/SC is better effect to reduce temperature sensitivity and at the same time, to reduce pressure exponent. The reduced heat release at the burning surface of AP/HTPB/AO is responsible for the reduced temperature sensitivity. Synergetic action is probably produced between AO and SC within AP/HTPB based propellants in the pressure range tested. This synergetic effect causes the heat release to reduce and the burning surface temperature to increase. Moreover, it makes the net exothermal reaction of condensed phase become little dependent on T 0. Thus, the burning rate temperature sensitivity is reduced.
Summary
The prompt k 0,H factors for B, N, Si, P, S and Cl were determined relative to the 2223.25 keV gamma-line from the 1H(n,γ) reaction. The measurements were performed at the SNU-KAERI Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis facility, of which the background was greatly reduced recently by upgrading the detection system to a Compton suppressed g-ray spectrometer with a BGO/NaI(Tl) guard detector and by improving the shield geometry. From the measured prompt k 0,H factors, the partial γ-ray production cross sections were determined using the latest cross section for H. The measured prompt k 0,H factors were tabulated and compared with the other reported data.
Abstract
Conducting polyaniline/Cobaltosic oxide (PANI/Co3O4) composites were synthesized for the first time, by in situ deposition technique in the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a dopant by adding the fine grade powder (an average particle size of approximately 80 nm) of Co3O4 into the polymerization reaction mixture of aniline. The composites obtained were characterized by infrared spectra (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The composition and the thermal stability of the composites were investigated by TG-DTG. The results suggest that the thermal stability of the composites is higher than that of the pure PANI. The improvement in the thermal stability for the composites is attributed to the interaction between PANI and nano-Co3O4.
