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- Author or Editor: Wei Yang x
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering x
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Abstract
Combining the Charged Particle Activation Analysis (CPAA) and the Channeling Technique, the partial concentrations of the impurity carbon atoms in different crystal lattice locations of GaAs were claculated. The calculated results show that at lower total concentrations (
0.3 ppm), carbon atoms occupy principally the octahedral and displaced octahedral interstitial positions, but at higher total concentrations (2 ppm), the substitutional carbon plays a principal role.
Abstract
In order to assure the public health, simple and relibable analytical methods must be established for effective surveillance of polluted surface water. Since the pollutants in surface water are usually found at ultratrace levels, preconcentration is generally required to ensure the quality of the analytical results. An analytical procedure consisting of preconcentration using hydrous magnesium oxide followed by neutron activation analysis has been proposed and applied to the determinations of trace elements in surface water.
Abstract
The thermal properties of KTN crystal were investigated at low temperatures by DSC and TM. The phase transition enthalpies and the average specific heats of the crystal were measured. Results are analyzed and discussed.
Abstract
The enthalpies of solution of potassium chloride (KCl) in water and magnetically treated water (magnetized water) have been measured at 298.15 K using a LKB-8700 precision solution calorimeter. From the experimental results, it was observed that the effect of magnetic field on the enthalpy of solution is measurable. This is probably due to the distortion of the hydrogen bond of water resulting from magnetic treatment.
Abstract
N,N'-Dioctanoylpiperazine (DOPEZ), a novel extractant for U(VI) in carbon tetrachloride has been studied. The principal factors affecting the U(VI) distribution ratio, i.e., the concentration of aqueous nitric acid, extractant, salting-out agent and temperature, were investigated.
Abstract
A systematic investigation has been carried out on the extractive behavior of N,N'-dihexanoylpiperazine (DHPEZ) with respect to U(VI) in five diluents, from aqueous nitric acid media. The variation of U(VI) distribution ratio with the concentrations of aqueous nitric acid, extractant, salting-out agent and with temperature has been investigated and discussed. The increasing order of extractive ability of DHPEZ towards U(VI) is: chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,4-dimethyl-benzene, toluene, benzene. The composition of the extracted species and extraction constants as well as the enthalpy changes are given.
Abstract
A quantitative method including peak-fitting for determination of the content of short chain branching (SCB) in ethylene/α-olefin copolymers based on differential scanning calorimetry is described. After stepwise isothermal crystallization, the fractions with similar SCB and lamellar thickness are sorted into groups. The content of each group is determined using the peak-fitting area. The statistical terms, the arithmetic mean SCB content 
, the weighted mean SCB content 
and the branching broadness index 
are calculated. Through comparing with the SCB contents measured by 13CNMR analysis, the results show that this method can quantitatively characterize the content of SCB in ethylene/α-olefin copolymers with a high degree of accuracy.
Abstract
The sorption of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions was investigated using synthesized magnesium silicate hollow spheres as a novel adsorbent. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effects of initial pH, amount of adsorbent, contact time and initial U(VI) concentrations on uranium sorption efficiency. The desorbing of U(VI) and the effect of coexisting ions were also investigated. Kinetic studies showed that the sorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Langmuir sorption isotherm model correlates well with the uranium sorption equilibrium data for the concentration range of 25–400 mg/L. The maximum uranium sorption capacity onto magnesium silicate hollow spheres was estimated to be about 107 mg/g under the experimental conditions. Desorption of uranium was achieved using inorganic acid as the desorbing agent. The practical utility of magnesium silicate hollow spheres for U(VI) uptake was investigated with high salt concentration of intercrystalline brine. This work suggests that magnesium silicate hollow spheres can be used as a highly efficient adsorbent for removal of uranium from aqueous solutions.
Abstract
Supramolecular 2,3- and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (PDC) intercalated ZnAl-layered double hydroxides (2,3- and 2,5-PDC–ZnAl–LDHs) have been prepared by ion exchange method. The structure and composition of the intercalated materials have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP). The study indicates that the 2,3-PDC and 2,5-PDC anions are accommodated as interdigitated bilayer and monolayer arrangement respectively between the sheets of LDHs. Furthermore, their thermal decomposition processes were studied by the use of in situ high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD), and the combined technique of thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis-mass spectrometry (TG-DTA-MS) under N2 atmosphere. Based on the comparison study on the temperatures of both decarboxylation and complete decomposition of interlayer PDC, it can be concluded that 2,5-PDC–ZnAl–LDHs has higher thermal stability than that of 2,3-PDC–ZnAl–LDHs.
Abstract
Li-ion batteries with LiFePO4/C composites are difficult to be charged at low temperatures. In order to improve the low temperature performance of LiFePO4/C power batteries, the charge–discharge characteristics were studied at different temperatures, and a new charging mode under low temperature was proposed. In the new charging mode, the batteries were excited by current pulses with the charge rates between 0.75 C and 2 C, while the discharge rates between 3 and 4 C before the conventional charging (CC–CV). Results showed that the surface temperature of Li-ion battery ascended to 3 °C at the end of pulse cycling when the environment temperature was −10 °C. Comparing with the conventional charging, the whole charge time was cut by 36 min (23.4%) and the capacity was 7.1% more at the same discharge rate, respectively.
