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- Author or Editor: Z. Yang x
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Abstract
Abstract
The depth profile of phosphorus concentration in phosphorus-doped silicon was shown to be measureable with an accuracy of 1–3% by the use of liquid scintillation counting after neutron irradiation. Both the amount of Si and P are determined by neutron activation analysis followed by liquid scintillation counting for 1–5 hours after the end of irradiation and 5–10 days after irradiation, respectively. Concentrations as low as 10 ppm and thicknesses of 20 nm can be determined.
Abstract
The kinetics of thermal decomposition of a series of uranyl nitrate complexes with N-alkylcaprolactams (alkyl=C2H5, C4H9, C6H13, C8H17, C10H21 or C12H25) was studied by means of non-isothermal gravimetry under a nitrogen atmosphere. From the TG-DTG curves, the kinetic parameters relating to the loss of two molecules of coordinated ligand were obtained by employing two groups of methods: (I) a group of conventional methods involving the Coast-Redfern, Freeman-Carroll, Horowitz-Metzger, Dharwadkar-Karkhanavala and Doyle (modified by Zsakó) equations; (II) a new method were suggested by J. Máleket al.. The results obtained using two types of methods were compared, and it emerged that the results of method II were much more meaningful and reasonable in this work. Additionally, the effects of the molecular structure of the ligands on the kinetic data and models were studied and are discussed.
A synthetic autopolyploid was developed from diploid Aegilops tauschii, D genome progenitor of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). The tetraploid Ae. tauschii displayed a markedly larger organ size than the diploid donor. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and DNA marker analysis revealed that there is no clear variation at either the chromosomal or DNA level between the diploid and tetraploid plants. We analyzed the variation in cytosine methylation patterns between the diploid and tetraploid plants by methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) and detected 228 and 232 methylated sites in diploid and tetraploid plants, respectively. Statistical comparison indicated that the tetraploid Ae. tauschii genotype displayed no significant difference in polymorphic methylation level compared to the diploid ones. Twenty-two different genomic fragments displaying different methylation behavior during the ploidy conversions were isolated and sequenced. It demonstrated that alterations in the level of methylation have the most profound effects on coding genes. We demonstrated that there are some genes expressions modified by DNA methylation may be correlated with phenotypic alteration after autotetraploidization.
Abstract
The concentrations of ten trace and dopant elements in GaAs semiconductor were determined by reactor neutron activation analysis after removal of As by evaporation of AsCl3. The retentions of the elements of interest were measured using radiotracers. The concentrations of doping elements (Te, Cr and Zn) in commercial GaAs samples were compared to the limit of detection of these elements to analyze the possibility to use NAA for concentration depth profiling measurements. The NAA results were compared with those of electrical measurements and SIMS and the discrepancies found are discussed.
In this study, the peach kernel proteins were extracted and treated with alkaline proteinase to generate peach kernel protein hydrolysate (PKH), which showed angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity. The hydrolysate was separated into four fractions and their anti-ACE activities were investigated. Our results showed that all PKHs had anti-ACE activity, and the lowest molecular weight fraction PKH4 had the highest ACE inhibitory activity. Lineweaver–Burk plots illustrated that the inhibition types of PKH3 and PKH4 were non-competitive. The Ki of PKH4 was lower than Ki of PKH3; suggesting PKH4 had high affinity to ACE. Amino acid composition analysis showed that the best anti-ACE peptide PKH4 possessed high levels of hydrophobic amino acids, branched-chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids. In summary, our findings demonstrated that high anti-ACE activity is negatively related to the size of the PKHs and possibly the composition of amino acids, and the PKH4 was the best ACE inhibitor. Further, peach kernel peptides can be developed as a functional food for patients with hypertension.
Abstract
Microcalorimetry was applied to study the toxic action of two cobalt compounds such as bis(salicylideniminato-3-propyl)methylaminocobalt(II) (denoted as Co(II)) and Co(III) sepulchrate trichloride (denoted as Co(sep)3+) on (E. coli) DH5α. The power-time curves of the E. coli DH5α growth were determined, and the thermokinetics parameters such as the growth rate constant k, the maximum power output P m and the time (t m) corresponding to the P m were obtained. The half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Co(II) and Co(sep)3+ to E. coli DH5α were 15 and 42.1 mg mL−1, respectively. The experimental results revealed that the toxicity of the Co(II) compound was larger than that of Co(sep)3+. On the other hand, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the two cobalt compounds had the same toxic mechanism on E. coli DH5α, which was attributed to the damage of cell wall of the bacteria caused by both Co(II) and Co(sep)3+. Furthermore, accumulation of intracellular cobalt of E. coli DH5α, due to the interaction of Co(II) or Co(sep)3+ and E. coli DH5α, has been found by using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analytical technique.
Wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocations have been widely used in wheat breeding programs. A 1BL.1RS translocation wheat line, 91S-23, was developed from a 1R monosomic addition of the rye (Secale cereale) inbred line L155 into wheat (Triticum aestivum) MY11. A new commercial wheat cultivar, CN18, which also contained the 1BL.1RS translocation, was derived from the cross MY11 × 91S-23. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) indicated that the rye centromere was eliminated from the 1BL.1RS chromosomes of CN18 but not from 91S-23. Based on the 1RS source and the centromeric structure of the translocation chromosome, CN18 qualifies as a new wheat cultivar possessing a 1BL.1RS translocation. CN18 displayed high yield performance and resistance to powdery mildew and stripe rust, whereas 91S-23 was susceptible to these diseases. The present study provides a new 1RS resource for wheat improvement.
