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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Authors:
Orsolya Erdősi
,
Katalin Szakmár
,
Olivér Reichart
,
Zsuzsanna Szili
,
Noémi László
,
Péter Székely Körmöczy
, and
Péter Laczay

The incidence of outbreaks of foodborne listeriosis has indicated the need for a reliable and rapid detection of the microbe in different foodstuffs. A method combining redox potential measurement and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to detect Listeria monocytogenes in artificially contaminated raw milk and soft cheese. Food samples of 25 g or 25 ml were homogenised in 225 ml of Listeria Enrichment Broth (LEB) with Oxford supplement, and the redox potential measurement technique was applied. For Listeria species the measuring time was maximum 34 h. The absence of L. monocytogenes could reliably be proven by the redox potential measurement method, but Listeria innocua and Bacillus subtilis could not be differentiated from L. monocytogenes on the basis of the redox curves. The presence of L. monocytogenes had to be confirmed by real-time PCR. The combination of these two methods proved to detect < 10 cfu/g of L. monocytogenes in a cost- and time-effective manner. This method can potentially be used as an alternative to the standard nutrient method for the rapid detection of L. monocytogenes in food.

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Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
Authors:
Akbari Mahdi
,
Niakan Mohammad
,
Taherikalani Morovat
,
Feizabadi Mhammad-Mahdi
,
Azadi Namam-Ali
,
Soroush Setareh
,
Emaneini Mohammad
,
Abdolkarimi Amir
,
Maleki Abbas
, and
Hematian Ali

The rapid identification of relevant bacterial pathogens is of utmost importance in clinical settings. The aim of this study was to test a rapid identification technique for A. baumannii strains from Tehran Hospitals and to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates. A hundred strains of Acinetobacter spp. grown from clinical specimens were identified as A. baumannii by conventional methods. Using PCR a bla OXA-51 -like gene was detected in all A. baumannii isolates but not in other species of acinetobacter. More than half of the isolates proved resistant to a variety of antibiotics by the disk diffusion technique. The rate of resistance to gentamicin, imipenem, ampicillin-sulbactam and amikacin was determined to be 45%, 53%, 62% and 62%, respectively. Moreover, most isolates (more than 90%) showed resistance to cephalosporins. This study shows that the demonstration of the bla OXA-51-like gene is a reliable and rapid way for the presumptive identification of A. baumannii and reveals that the rate of antibiotic resistance is high in Iranian A. baumannii isolates to a variety of antibiotics.

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Authors:
Trudy Scalise
,
Andrea Győrffy
,
István Tóth
,
Dávid Kiss
,
Virág Somogyi
,
Gréta Goszleth
,
Tibor Bartha
,
László Frenyó
, and
Attila Zsarnovszky

Oestrogen (E2) and thyroid hormones (THs) are key regulators of cerebellar development. Recent reports implicate a complex mechanism through which E2 and THs influence the expression levels of each other’s receptors (ERs and TRs) to precisely mediate developmental signals and modulate signal strength. We examined the modulating effects of E2 and THs on the expression levels of their receptor mRNAs and proteins in cultured cerebellar cells obtained from 7-day-old rat pups. Cerebellar granule cell cultures were treated with either E2, THs or a combination of these hormones, and resulting receptor expression levels were determined by quantitative PCR and Western blot techniques. The results were compared to non-treated controls and to samples obtained from 14-day-old in situ cerebella. Additionally, we determined the glial effects on the regulation of ER-TR expression levels. The results show that (i) ER and TR expression depends on the combined presence of E2 and THs; (ii) glial cells mediate the hormonal regulation of neuronal ER-TR expression and (iii) loss of tissue integrity results in characteristic changes in ER-TR expression levels. These observations suggest that both E2 and THs, in adequate amounts, are required for the precise orchestration of cerebellar development and that alterations in the ratio of E2/THs may influence signalling mechanisms involved in neurodevelopment. Comparison of data from in vitro and in situ samples revealed a shift in receptor expression levels after loss of tissue integrity, suggesting that such adjusting/regenerative mechanisms may function after cerebellar tissue injury as well.

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Authors:
Sándor Szekeres
,
Alexandra Juhász
,
Milán Kondor
,
Nóra Takács
,
László Sugár
, and
Sándor Hornok

Reports of Sarcocystis rileyi-like protozoa (‘rice breast disease’) from anseriform birds had been rare in Europe until the last two decades, when S. rileyi was identified in northern Europe and the UK. However, despite the economic losses resulting from S. rileyi infection, no recent accounts are available on its presence (which can be suspected) in most parts of central, western, southern and eastern Europe. Between 2014 and 2019, twelve mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were observed to have rice breast disease in Hungary, and the last one of these 12 cases allowed molecular identification of S. rileyi, as reported here. In addition, S. rileyi was molecularly identified in the faeces of one red fox (Vulpes vulpes). The hunting season for mallards in Hungary lasts from mid-August to January, which in Europe coincides with the wintering migration of anseriform birds towards the south. Based on this, as well as bird ringing data, it is reasonable to suppose that the first S. rileyi-infected mallards arrived in Hungary from the north. on the other hand, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), which are final hosts of S. rileyi, are ubiquitous in Hungary, and our molecular finding confirms an already established autochthonous life cycle of S. rileyi in the region. Taken together, this is the first evidence for the occurrence of S. rileyi in Hungary and its region.

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Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) is an immunosuppressive agent widespread throughout the world, which causes a disease in pigeons called Young Pigeon Disease Syndrome. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of PiCV in Poland and investigate the genetic diversity relative to other known PiCV isolates. Samples from 152 pigeon flocks (88 flocks of racing pigeons and 64 flocks of fancy pigeons) from various regions of Poland were tested by polymerase chain reaction and an approximately 326-base fragment of the capsid protein gene (Cap gene) of the virus was amplified. The average viral prevalence was found to be 70.3% (76.13% in racing pigeons and 62.5% in fancy pigeons). Among the obtained positive samples, 21 were selected for sequencing and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. It was found that the majority of Polish PiCV isolates, to varying degrees, are related to isolates occurring in Europe. It was also observed that the Cap gene is variable and mutations often occur in it, which impacts the amino acid sequences in the capsid protein (nucleotide similarity averaged 86.57%, amino acid similarity averaged 89.02%).

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Alsó légúti minták molekuláris mikrobiológiai vizsgálata a koronavírus-járvány időszakában

Molecular microbiological testing of lower respiratory tract samples during COVID–19 pandemic

Orvosi Hetilap
Authors:
Sándor Károlyi
,
Emese Juhász
,
Miklós Iván
,
Edina Szabó
,
Petronella Farkas
,
Kamilla Székely
, and
Katalin Kristóf

: e00024-17. 2 Lee SH, Ruan SY, Pan SC, et al. Performance of a multiplex PCR pneumonia panel for the identification of respiratory pathogens and the main

Open access
Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
Authors:
Zahra Meshkat
,
Himen Salimizand
,
Yousef Amini
,
Davood Mansury
,
Abolfazl Rafati Zomorodi
,
Zoleikha Avestan
,
Azad Jamee
,
Jamal Falahi
,
Hadi Farsiani
, and
Azizollah Mojahed

-like and gyrB Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were applied for identification of A. baumannii [ 8, 9 ]. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline, and

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Interventional Medicine and Applied Science
Authors:
Enikő Sárváry
,
Zs. Gerlei
,
E. Dinya
,
E. Tóth
,
M. Varga
,
R. Chmel
,
M. Molnar
,
A. Remport
,
B. Nemes
,
L. Kobori
,
D. Görög
,
J. Fazakas
,
I. Gaal
,
J. Járay
,
F. Perner
, and
R. Langer

infections in hemodialysis patients: the need for PCR Intervirology 40 277 . 21. M. Kuhns

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Authors:
Anja Strobl
,
Nikola Pantchev
,
Lukas Martin
,
Abigail Guija-De-Arespacochaga
,
Barbara Hinney
,
Hans-Peter Fuehrer
, and
Michael Leschnik

-vector-borne transmission route of B. gibsoni can include blood transfusion, especially if the blood is not tested by PCR prior to its use for this purpose ( Pantchev et al., 2015 ). Today, acute babesiosis caused by Babesia canis is a frequent diagnosis by

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