Search Results
Abstract
The liquid-liquid extraction behavior of 2-ethylhexyltolylsulfoxide (EHTSO) towards uranium(VI) contained in nitric acid aqueous solution has been investigated. It was found that the extraction increases with increasing nitric acid concentration up to 5.0 mol/l and then decreases. Extraction also increases with increasing extractant concentration. The extracted species appears to be UO2(NO3)2 .2EHTSO. The influences of temperature, NH4NO3 and Na2C2O4 concentrations on the extraction equilibrium were also investigated and the thermodynamic functions of the extraction reaction were obtained.
Abstract
The liquid-liquid extraction behavior of octyldodecylsulfoxide (ODoSO) towards uranium(VI), contained in nitric acid aqueous solution, has been investigated. It was found that the extraction increased with increasing nitric acid concentration up to 2.0 mol/l and then decreased. Extraction also increases with increasing extractant concentration. The extracted species appears to be UO2(NO3)2 .2ODoSO. The influences of temperature, sodium nitrate and oxalate concentrations on the extraction were also investigated and the thermodynamic functions of the extraction reaction were obtained.
Abstract
A new bifunctional extractant named phenyl-N,N-dibutylcarbamoylmethyl sulfoxide (PCMSO) is synthesized and characterized in order to investigate its selectivity and capability in the extraction from acidic nitrate media in nuclear reprocessing. The extraction of uranium (VI) with PCMSO in toluene has been studied at various concentrations of nitric acid, extractant and salting-out agent (LiNO3). The mechanism of extraction is discussed in the light of the results obtained. The extracted species has also been investigated using FT-IR spectrometry. The related thermodynamic functions were calculated. The IR spectral study was also made of the extracted species.
Abstract
The extraction behavior of octahedral and tetrahedral cobalt(II) complexes from aqueous nitrate medium was studied in the system 8-hydroxyquinoline (HOX) and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (Db 18C6) or dibenzylamine (DBA) in chloroform at different temperatures to evaluate the thermodynamic functions as well as the equilibrium constants of each reaction. The stoichiometry of the extracted organic phase species were established to be Co(OX)2·Db18C6 for the octahedral cobalt and Co(OX)2·DBA for the tetrahedral cobalt.
Enthalpies of dissolution of benzo-15-crown-5 ether (B15C5) in mixtures of acetonitrile with water and in solutions of NaI and NaBPh4 (I=0.05 mol dm−3) in these mixtures were measured at 298.15 K. From the obtained results and appropriate literature data, the thermodynamic functions of B15C5/Na+ complex formation in acetonitrile-water mixtures were determined. The enthalpies of transfer of the complex B15C5/Na+ from pure acetonitrile to the examined mixtures were calculated and are discussed.
The phase diagrams of binary organic systems of benzidine with pyrogallol andp-nitrophenol give a double simple eutectic type phase diagram showing formation of a 1∶1 molecular complex with congruent melting point and two eutectics. The growth data on the pure components, the eutectics and the molecular complexes, determined by measuring the rate of movement of growth front in a capillary, justify the square relationship between growth velocity and undercooling. While enthalpy of mixing values suggest intermolecular hydrogen bonding, the excess thermodynamic functions reveal strong interactions among the components forming eutectics and addition compounds.
Abstract
The (R)-BINOL-menthyl dicarbonates, one of the most important compounds in catalytic asymmetric synthesis, was synthesized by a convenient method. The molar heat capacities C p,m of the compound were measured over the temperature range from 80 to 378 K with a small sample automated adiabatic calorimeter. Thermodynamic functions [H T–H 298.15] and [S T–S 298.15] were derived in the above temperature range with a temperature interval of 5 K. The thermal stability of the substance was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a thermogravimetric (TG) technique.
Abstract
The molar heat capacity, C p,m, of a complex of holmium chloride coordinated with L-aspartic acid, Ho(Asp)Cl2·6H2O, was measured from 80 to 397 K with an automated adiabatic calorimeter. The thermodynamic functions H T-H 298.15 and S T-S 298.15 were derived from 80 to 395 K with temperature interval of 5 K. The thermal stability of the complex was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG) technique, and the mechanism of thermal decomposing of the complex was determined based on the structure and the thermal analysis experiment.
Abstract
A thermodynamic study of the influence of the thermal treatments (annealing), below the glass transition temperature, on the thermal behavior and enthalpy of maltitol glass was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). An enthalpic effect (exothermal) produced by the isothermal treatment of the quenched glass was found and measured. The origin of the thermal effect was assigned to a physicochemical transformation of molecular associations in the solid (glass). To achieve a correct description of the thermodynamic functions of glasses, another parameter, in addition to T and P, is introduced, namely the degree of advance of the above mentioned transformation.
Abstract
Phase diagrams of urea-α-naphthol and urea-benzoic acid systems, determined by the thaw-melt method, show the formation of simple eutectic in each case. The growth velocity data, determined at different undercooling (ΔT) by observing the rate of movement of interface in a capillary, obey the Hillig-Turnbull equation, v=u(ΔT)n, where u and n are constants depending on the nature of the materials. Using enthalpy of fusion, undercooling (ΔT) and melting point data, entropy of fusion, interfacial energy, enthalpy of mixing, critical radius size and excess thermodynamic functions were calculated. The microstructural investigations give characteristic features of the eutectics.
