Search Results
Abstract
The adsorption of cesium and strontium ions from water solutions on zeolite has been investigated in presence of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium ions. Distribution ratios of cesium and strontium on the zeolite were determined in solutions of various compositions and solution volume to sorbent weight ratios (batch factor). Breakthrough curves for zeolite layers are reported.
Abstract
The determination of leachability of radioisotopes of cesium and cobalt from preloaded zeolites in distilled water, base solution and acid solution has been studied. For the experiment, we used natural and chemically treated zeolites. The zeolites before leaching were calcined at different temperatures.
Abstract
The solid state reaction between KMnO4 and zeolite-13X at a temperature below the melting point of the salt presumably results in inclusion of manganese in the zeolite. Quantitative measurements of manganese uptake at various proportions of KMnO4 in the mixture were achieved by neutron activation analysis of the Mn-zeolite.
Abstract
An accurate description of coke burn off is obtained from a catalyst based on β-zeolite and used for benzene alkylation with propylene giving cumene by using the thermogravimetric technique. A simple empirical kinetic model was successfully applied to interpolate the data of thermogravimetric analysis performed on samples after partial burn off. Different temperatures, partial pressures of oxygen and gas flow rates were the variables studied in order to calculate the apparent rates and the activation energy for the coke oxidation reaction and to outline the best conditions for the industrial regeneration procedure of our proprietary catalyst PBE-1 for cumene synthesis. Combining the unusually long lifetime per reaction cycle with the optimized regeneration procedure leads to an outstanding overall catalyst life.
Abstract
Thorium(IV) removal from aqueous solutions by erionite and X zeolite was investigated. The Th(IV) uptake at different thorium nitrate concentrations (from 0.25 to 25 mM) was evaluated. The thorium content in the aqueous solution was determined by neutron activation analysis. Th(IV) retained by zeolites was 1.7 and 3.7 meq/g for erionite and X zeolite. In order to explain the thorium sorption process in both zeolites, ion exchange mechanism was considered. It was found that thorium sorption behavior is strongly dependent of the type of zeolite, the separation factor for Mexican erionite was αTh(IV) Na(I)<1, this zeolite shows preference for Na(I) rather than for Th(IV), however, by X zeolite, αTh(IV) Na(I)~1, this value suggested an approximately ideal ion exchange behavior. The effect of pH on thorium sorption was also considered.
Abstract
The Fe(III) uptake from aqueous solutions by natural and chemically modified zeolites was investigated using a gradual radioexchange method and AAS technique. The leachability of Fe(III) from loaded zeolites was studied too. The Fe-uptake reached the value of 60 mg·g−1 for the zeolite chemically treated with 6 mol·l−1 solution of NaOH and it is more than twelve times higher than that of the raw zeolite. The leachability of the loaded zeolite samples in water and alkaline solution was up 5%. The leachability of the same zeolites in acid solution depended on the concentration of modifying solution. The leachability at pH=2.6 in the range 2–20% at pH=1.9 was many times higher. The results of the radioexchange and AAS methods were compared.
Abstract
The thermal characterization of polypropylene (PP) composites containing untreated and treated zeolite with different silane coupling agents was carried out using thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to investigate the effects of natural zeolite and surface modifiers on melting, crystallization and degradation behaviour of PP. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AMPTES), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) were used as surface modifiers at four different concentrations (0.5–2.0 mass%). Thermal analyses indicated that silane treatment and 2–6 mass% zeolite addition have no significant effect on the melting and degradation temperatures of the composites. The crystallization temperatures of the composites were increased due to the nucleating effect of the zeolite. The influence of the modifiers on the interactions between PP and zeolite was determined by the activities of untreated and treated zeolite. The maximum interactions leading to good adhesion were observed in the AMPTES treated composites. Also, non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of the composites was analyzed using Avrami and Kissinger models.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to define the characteristics of crystalline phase ETS-10 obtained from gel with dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, as an organic template. ETS-10 zeolites has been synthesised under hydrothermal conditions from gels of composition 5Na2O–3KF–TiO2–6.4HCl– xC12TMAB –7.45SiO2–197.5H2O (where x=0.0, 0.25, 0.55, 1.0 and 1.5) with dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide. The crystalline phases synthesised with organic salt have an exothermal peak at ca. 360°C, due to the degradation of organic entrapped in the porous structure. Physical-chemical properties of C12TMAB -ETS-10 are studied by XRD, SEM and thermal analyses.
Abstract
Silver cationic clusters formed in γ-irradiated AgCs-rho zeolites in hydrated and dehydrated forms have been studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry. It was found that tetrameric silver clusters, Ag 4 3+ in dehydrated zeolites and Ag 4 2+ in hydrated samples, are stabilized at room temperature. Tetrameric silver is trapped inside octagonal prism of zeolite framework and does not show any noticeable decay as far as samples are evacuated.
Abstract
Pyridine-treated phthalocyanineiron (II) (FePc) was synthesized in a NaY-zeolite supercage. Mössbauer spectra indicated the presence of pyridine-inactive FePc without any change of Mössbauer parameters. The relative yield of the inactive complex was not simply dependent on the amount of iron doped and the temperature during reduction for preparation. Spin-spin interaction may have broadened the ESR signal at g=6 for FePc in zeolite, suggesting that the FePc molecules are located close together in zeolite. It is postulated that two types of FePc in zeolite particle were formed, in accordance with the reactivity of FePc to pyridine adduct formation.
