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The weed suppression ability of different soybean varieties was studied in a field experiment in 2010. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design using a split-plot arrangement with 3 replicates. The main plots were either weedfree (hand weeding) or infested with the natural weed population (weedy). Six soybean varieties (Sari, Telar, Sahar, Hill, 032 and 033) were randomized within the main plots. The relative biomass total (RBT), relative crowding coefficient (RCCcw) and competitive balance index (Cb) were recorded and were regressed against crop traits under weedy conditions. The results showed a reduction in the maximum height of the soybean varieties under weedy conditions. No significant relationship was found between weed biomass and the canopy height of the varieties. Competition indices and the weed suppressive ability of soybean showed intergenotypic variation in competitive ability between the varieties tested. Weed pressure reduced the yield and yield components of all the soybean varieties. Under weedy conditions the soybean variety Hill gave a higher economic yield than the others, with high weed biomass suppression ability.
Pot experiments using loamy soil were conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation with industrial effluents on growth, uptake on growth, uptake of nutrients and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivumGiza 164) as a monocot and faba beans (Vicia fabaGiza 461) as a dicot plant. Also, irrigation by industrial effluents in combination with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) was used in trying to use a biological control to overcome the harmful effects of heavy metals pollution. Irrigation of plants with industrial effluents leads to marked changes in growth criteria depending on plant and/or the stage of growth. Industrial wastewater led also to marked changes in total carbohydrates and nitrogen in both shoots and roots. On the other hand, combination of industrial waste water with VAM caused an increase in the total carbohydrates and total nitrogen in shoots and roots of both wheat and bean plants. The yield components in wheat and bean were significantly increased with industrial effluents, but the biochemical concentrations were different. In wheat, the carbohydrate concentrations were increased, but protein- N and total-N were decreased, however mineral contents, especially ZN were increased. The reverse response was recorded with VAM. For bean the opposite occurred. Generally, bean plants were more sensitive to pollution with heavy metals, than those of wheat however this could influence be overcome by using VAM with irrigation.
Hybridisation between Primula vulgaris and P. veris was investigated along a southwest exposed slope in a woodland in Hungary. Parent species and hybrids were identified by colour and size of the flowers. The two morphs within each taxon showed only slight differences, but discrimination of the three taxa was unambiguous. Scape and pedicel length proved to be suitable for distinguishing hybrids from P. veris on the basis of inflorescence architecture. Seed yield components showed considerable differences between the two parent species: P. veris produced more and lighter seeds per capsule than P. vulgaris did. Hybrids also differed significantly from the parent species: hybrids had the fewest and heaviest seeds per capsule among the three taxa. The two parent species did not show the slightest sign of gender specialisation: fruit number per plant, fruit set, and seed number per capsule were equal in long-styled and short-styled morphs. The two morphs, however, were not equally successful in hybrids: fruit number per plant and fruit set were significantly lower in long-styled plants than in short-styled plants, although the long-styled morph with highly exserted stigmas was expected to be in more favourable situation for pollination.
Kafi, M., Stewart, W. S. (1998): Effects of high temperature on yield and yield components of nine wheat cultivars and a triticale. Iran Agric. Res. , 17 , 51–66. Stewart W. S
., Waines, J.G. 1992. Quality traits, carbon isotope discrimination and yield components in wild wheats. Ann. Bot. 69 :467–474. Waines J.G. Quality traits, carbon isotope discrimination
yield, yield components and seed quality of oilseed rape. Field Crops Res. 44, 41–46. Scarisbrick D. H. Rate of N and S fertilizers on yield, yield components and seed quality of
541 548 Baser, I, Sehirali, S, Orta, H, et al. (2004): Effect of different water stresses on the yield and yield components of winter wheatCEREAL RES COMMUN 32(2): 217–223 p
Baser, I, Sehirali, S, Orta H (2004): Effect of different water stresses on the yield and yield components of winter wheat. Cereal Res. Commun. 322. 217–223. p. Orta H
between yield and several yield components in a set of maize hybrids. Crop Science. 13. 649–651. Johnson G. R. Relationship between yield and several yield components in a set of maize
. Peltonen-Sainio, P., Forsman, K., Pontela, T. 1997: Crop management effect on pre- and post-anthesis in leaf-area index and leaf duration and their contribution to grain yield and yield components in spring cereals. Agronomy Journal and Crop Sci. , 179