Search Results
Abstract
Vic-dioxime ligandsand their metal complexes are used in analytical, bio, pigment and medicinal chemistry. Complexes of nickel(II), copper(II), and cobalt(II) with benzylamino-p-chlorophenylglyoxime (BpCPG) are synthesised. Thermal behaviour of these complexes was studied in dynamic nitrogen atmosphere by DTA, DTG and TG techniques. GC-MS combined system was used to identify the products during pyrolytic decomposition. The pyrolytic end products were identified by X-ray powder diffraction. Thermoanalytical data of these complexes are presented in this communication. Interpretation and mathematical analysis of these data and evaluation of order of reaction, the energy and entropy of activation based on the integral method using the Coats-Redfern equation and the approximation method using the Horowitz-Metzger equation are also given. The metal complexes undergo decomposition in three stages and metal oxides remained as end products of the complexes.
Abstract
Micelle/water partition coefficients for three dialkyl phthalate esters — dimethyl phthalate ester (DMP), diethyl phthalate ester (DEP) and dipropyl phthalate ester (DPP) were obtained by micellar liquid chromatography (MLC). Experiments were conducted over a temperature range which led to calculation of a Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of transfer for the phthalate esters. In addition, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were conducted with no substantial change observed in micelle size before and after phthalate ester incorporation. Overall, a novel method for obtaining thermodynamic information, based on partitioning data, has been developed for dialkyl phthalate esters using micellar liquid chromatography.
Abstract
In this article, a series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of various environmental factors such as contact time, solid content, pH, ionic strength, foreign ions, temperature and coexisting humic acid on the sorption behavior radionuclide 60Co(II) on illite. The results indicated that the sorption of Co(II) was strongly dependent on pH, ionic strength and temperature. At low pH, the sorption was dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation and ion exchange on illite surfaces, whereas inner-sphere surface complexation was the main sorption mechanism at high pH. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were used to simulate the sorption isotherms at three different temperatures of 303.15, 323.15 and 343.15 K. The thermodynamic data (∆G 0, ∆S 0, ∆H 0) were calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms and the results suggested that the sorption process of Co(II) on illite was an endothermic and spontaneous process. The sorption test revealed that the illite can be as a cost-effective adsorbent suitable for pre-concentration of Co(II) from large volumes of aqueous solutions.
Abstract
Oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were characterized by SEM and FTIR. The sorption of Th(IV) on MWCNTs was studied as a function of contact time, pH, ionic strength, Th(IV) concentration and temperature. The results indicate that the sorption of Th(IV) on MWCNTs is strongly dependent on pH and weakly dependent on ionic strength. The sorption thermodynamics of Th(IV) on MWCNTs was carried out at 293.15, 313.15 and 333.15 K, respectively, and the thermodynamic parameters (standard free energy changes (ΔG 0), standard enthalpy change (ΔH 0) and standard entropy change (ΔS 0)) were calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms. The sorption of Th(IV) on MWCNTs is a spontaneous and endothermic process. The oxidized MWCNTs may be a promising candidate for the preconcentration and solidification of Th(IV), or its analogue actinides from large volumes of aqueous solutions.
Abstract
The mesoporous molecular sieves (Al-MCM-41) are synthesized with montmorillonite as silica–alumina source by hydrothermal method. The application of Al-MCM-41 for the adsorption of Th(IV) from aqueous solution is studied by batch technique. The effects of contact time, solid content, pH, ionic strength, foreign ions, and temperature are determined, and the results indicate that the adsorption of Th(IV) to Al-MCM-41 is strongly dependent on pH values but independent of ionic strength. The adsorption isotherms are simulated by D–R and Freundlich models well. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH 0, ΔS 0, ΔG 0) are calculated from the temperature dependent adsorption isotherms at 293, 313 and 333 K, respectively, and the results suggest that the adsorption of Th(IV) on Al-MCM-41 is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Al-MCM-41 is a suitable material for the preconcentration of Th(IV) from large volumes of aqueous solutions.
Abstract
In this work, adsorption of Ni(II) from aqueous solution onto hematite under various solution chemistry and temperature was investigated. The results indicated that the pseudo-second-order rate equation fitted the kinetic adsorption well. The adsorption of Ni(II) onto hematite was strongly dependent on pH and ionic strength. At low pH, the adsorption was dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation or ion exchange, whereas inner-sphere surface complexation was the main adsorption mechanism at high pH. A positive effect of FA on Ni(II) adsorption was found at pH < 8.0, whereas a negative effect was observed at pH > 8.0. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and D–R models were applied to simulate the adsorption isotherms at three different temperatures of 293.15, 313.15 and 333.15 K. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated from the temperature dependent adsorption, and the results indicated that the adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous.
Abstract
Herein, hydroxyapatite (HAP) was prepared by aqueous precipitation technique and was characterized by using FT-IR and XRD to determine its chemical functional groups and micro-structure. The removal of cobalt from aqueous solution to HAP was studied by batch technique as a function of various environmental parameters such as contact time, pH, ionic strength, foreign ions, fulvic acid (FA), and temperature under ambient conditions. The results indicated that the sorption of Co(II) on HAP was strongly dependent on pH and ionic strength. The presence of FA enhanced the sorption of Co(II) on HAP at low pH, whereas reduced Co(II) sorption on HAP at high pH. The Langmuir, Freundlich and D-R models were used to simulate the sorption isotherms at three different temperatures of 303.15, 323.15 and 343.15 K. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG°) calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms indicated that the sorption process of Co(II) on HAP was spontaneous and endothermic. The sorption of Co(II) was dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation and ion exchange at low pH, whereas inner-sphere surface complexation or surface precipitation was the main sorption mechanism at high pH values. The results suggest that the HAP is a suitable material in the preconcentration and solidification of Co(II) from large volumes of aqueous solutions.
Abstract
Sorption of radionickel on attapulgite is studied as a function of contact time, ionic strength, pH and temperature. The results indicate that the sorption of Ni(II) on attapulgite is strongly ionic strength-dependent at pH <8, and independent of ionic strength at pH >8. Outer-sphere surface complexation or ion exchange contributes to Ni(II) sorption on attapulgite at pH <8, whereas the sorption of Ni(II) is mainly dominated by inner-sphere surface complexation at pH >8. The sorption of Ni(II) on attapulgite increases with increasing temperature, and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH 0, ΔG 0 and ΔS 0) calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms suggest that the sorption of Ni(II) on attapulgite is a spontaneous and endothermic process. The high sorption capacity of attapulgite suggests that attapulgite is a suitable material for the preconcentration and solidification of radionickel from large volumes of aqueous solutions.
Abstract
In this work, a series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of various environmental factors such as contact time, pH, ionic strength, coexisting electrolyte ions, humic substances and temperature on the sorption behavior of illite towards 64Cu(II). The results indicated that 64Cu(II) sorption on illite achieved equilibrium quickly. The pH- and ionic strength-dependent sorption suggested that 64Cu(II) sorption on illite was dominated by ion exchange or outer-sphere surface complexation at pH < 7, whereas the pH-dependent and ionic strength-independent sorption indicated that the sorption process was mainly attributed to inner-sphere surface complexation at pH > 7. A positive effect of humic substances on 64Cu(II) sorption was found at pH < 6.5, whereas a negative effect was observed at pH > 6.5. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to simulate the sorption isotherms of 64Cu(II) at three different temperatures of 293, 313, and 333 K. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH 0, ΔS 0, and ΔG 0) of 64Cu(II) sorption on illite were calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms, and the results indicated that the sorption of 64Cu(II) on illite was endothermic and spontaneous. From the experimental results, it is possible to conclude that illite has good potentialities for cost-effective treatments of 64Cu(II)-contaminated wastewaters.
