Search Results
religious, traditional, and non-religious individuals across different categories of addiction (alcohol, drug, sex, gambling, and control) χ 2 (8) = 130.418 P < 0.001. There was a higher prevalence of religious individuals in the sex addiction group ( n
Introduction Sex addiction otherwise known as compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is characterized by extensive sexual behavior and unsuccessful efforts to control excessive sexual behavior. It is a pathological
Abstract
Background and aims
Compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is characterized by persistent patterns of failure to control sexual impulses resulting in repetitive sexual behavior, pursued despite adverse consequences. Despite previous indications of addiction-like mechanisms and the recent impulse-control disorder classification in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), the neurobiological processes underlying CSBD are unknown.
Methods
We designed and applied a behavioral paradigm aimed at disentangling processes related to anticipation and viewing of erotic stimuli. In 22 male CSBD patients (age: M = 38.7, SD = 11.7) and 20 healthy male controls (HC, age: M = 37.6, SD = 8.5), we measured behavioral responses and neural activity during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The main outcomes were response time differences between erotic and non-erotic trials and ventral striatum (VS) activity during anticipation of visual stimuli. We related these outcomes with each other, to CSBD diagnosis, and symptom severity.
Results
We found robust case-control differences on behavioral level, where CSBD patients showed larger response time differences between erotic and non-erotic trials than HC. The task induced reliable main activations within each group. While we did not observe significant group differences in VS activity, VS activity during anticipation correlated with response time differences and self-ratings for anticipation of erotic stimuli.
Discussion and Conclusions
Our results support the validity and applicability of the developed task and suggest that CSBD is associated with altered behavioral correlates of anticipation, which were associated with ventral striatum activity during anticipation of erotic stimuli. This supports the idea that addiction-like mechanisms play a role in CSBD.
Abstract
Background
Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is included in the eleventh edition of The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as an impulse-control disorder.
Aims
The aim of the present work was to develop a scale (Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale–CSBD-19) that can reliably and validly assess CSBD based on ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines.
Method
Four independent samples of 9,325 individuals completed self-reported measures from three countries (the United States, Hungary, and Germany). The psychometric properties of the CSBD-19 were examined in terms of factor structure, reliability, measurement invariance, and theoretically relevant correlates. A potential threshold was determined to identify individuals with an elevated risk of CSBD.
Results
The five-factor model of the CSBD-19 (i.e., control, salience, relapse, dissatisfaction, and negative consequences) had an excellent fit to the data and demonstrated appropriate associations with the correlates. Measurement invariance suggested that the CSBD-19 functions similarly across languages. Men had higher means than women. A score of 50 points was found as an optimal threshold to identify individuals at high-risk of CSBD.
Conclusions
The CSBD-19 is a short, valid, and reliable measure of potential CSBD based on ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines. Its use in large-scale, cross-cultural studies may promote the identification and understanding of individuals with a high risk of CSBD.
. Severity of CSBD The severity of CSBD was assessed using the Sex Addiction Screening Test-Revised (SAST-R; Carnes, Green, & Carnes, 2010 ) in a Polish adaptation by Gola et al. (2017) . The Polish version of the SAST-R consists of 20
Is excessive online usage a function of medium or activity?
An empirical pilot study
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