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A preceding archeological excavation opened the way for the recovery of a larger building complex on Kossuth Square, Pécs. A wall-painting islet consisting of fragmented, but contigious pieces was unearthed, was a part of a larger painting decorating the northern wall of the room of the building complex in Severan times. The half man size figure surviving in bust was created with a brilliant brushwork using rich colours on a white background. The figure can be identified as Genius based on his attributes (the cornucopia and the crown) and the inscription of the painting. This paper discusses reconstruction possibilities of the wall-painting, painting techniques and materials applied, and deals with the possible functions of the room the wall-painting was unearthed in.
Gaulish samian ware reported from Aquincum, capital of Pannonia inferior. From other legionary fortress and the towns adjoining them 532 pieces were found in Vindobona, although there are obviously more recorded pieces, but in some cases only a percentage
Unpublished antefixes and a mould fragment from Brigetio in the collection of the Hungarian National Museum
Publikálatlan brigetiói antefixek és egy antefix negatív a Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum gyűjteményében
with a palmette (or tree?) in the background ( Fig. 2 ) . The mould and an antefix plaque made in this mould were discovered in a late Roman grave along other grave goods. 7 Another, complete mould is in the collection of the Aquincum Museum ( Fig
Painted dedication to Genius and a relief depicting aquila from a sanctuary in Sopianae
(Appendix to the study: Painted depiction of Genius of Sopianae by Anita Kirchhof)
In the locality of Sopianae, Pannonia Inferior, at the east corner of the settlement, there was a presumably customs station built at the end of the 2nd century which existed till 258–260 AD. From one of the rooms of the building excavated on Kossuth Square, Pécs, a fresco depicting a Genius, an inscription belonging to it, two pedestals – probably bases for statues – and a statue of an eagle came to light. Based on the assemblage the room may have been the sanctuary (sacellum) of the official building. The rare but formal telonium or teloneum expression may have been used for this customs station which, as such, belonged to the organization of the Publicum portorium Illyrici. The only surviving inscription may have been dedicated to the genius of the employees or the armed guards of the customs station: Genio | cu(stodiarum?) tel(onei?). On the pedestal bases probably emperor statues were situated. On the eastern wall of the west–east oriented room, based on its own pedestal and generally because of its quality, there was the relief of an eagle placed in a niche personalizing Iuppiter and the imperial power. In this case the eagle can be taken as a state-imperial symbol found in its own context and thus belonged to the rare Roman Age relics of the administration. The sanctuary must basically serve the official imperial cult.
römerzeitlichen Siedlung, eines sogenannten vicus entdeckt (s. unten). Die von Aquincum, Sitz von Pannonia Inferior, radial ausgehenden inneren Straßen und die in den Bachtälern verlaufenden kleineren Straßen waren durch größere, in regelmäßigen Abständen
Antiochus in Constantinople, the Domus delle Sette Sale in Rome, the baptistery of Limoges in France, and the cella quinquichora of Aquincum in Hungary ( Fig. 2 ). 3 All these structures were related in form, but they were built for diverse purposes. As O
Előkelő hun kori temetkezés Budapestről, egy késő római erődfal árnyékából
Biorégészeti adatok a Kárpát-medence hun megszállásának korai szakaszához
Hun Period Elite Burial from Budapest, in the shadow of a Late Roman fort wall: Bioarchaeological Data on the Early Phase of Hun Occupation in the Carpathian Basin
Intézet és Szegedi Tudományegyetem , Budapest, Debrecen és Szeged , 137 – 145 . Haliczky , A. ( 1820 ). Rövid értekezés egy Hidvárrúl (de Munimento Pontis), melly a’ Pesti Duna Parton a’ régi Római AQUINCUM, a mostani ó-Budának által ellenében állott
Intercisa is the third most important find place of gems after Brigetio and Aquincum along the Pannonian limes in Hungary. Most of the gems came from excavations, mostly from graves. However, the documentation of the excavations is rather incomplete hence there is a certain amount of uncertainty about their evaluation. The dating of the gems is evenly distributed from Late Hellenistic times to the beginning of the fourth century AD. There is only one exception, a specific group, the two-channelled glass cameos (11 artefacts) in the second part of the third century AD. Interestingly, in Aquincum this group is unknown, and there is only one in Brigetio. The early gems are, almost without exception, from graves dating back to the third or fourth centuries AD, thus they were old pieces, preserved, and re-used.
In my paper I scrutinize the vocabulary of the famous epitaph CLE 558, cut on the front side of a sarcophagus, found near Aquincum of Pannonia in 1868. The Latin text of the epitaph consists of 7 lines; in the first 5 lines the deceased woman, Veturia talks to the passers-by; the last two lines inform the reader that Fortunatus set up the sarcophagus to his wife. In the text of the inscription the woman professes to be unicuba uniiuga. The text of the inscription is written in hexameter. Some scholars say that the versification of the poem is incorrect because its author did not know the prosody. In my opinion the author did not want to write correct hexameters; his aim was to put the words unicuba uniiuga in the middle. The sarcophagus dates back to the 2th century AD.
A collector handed over to the Hungarian National Museum 15 items of samian ware which he had discovered on the outskirts of Papkeszi. All of the vessels were plain ware: Drag.33 cups or Drag.18/31 platters. 12 pieces bear stamps, with exception one they were all made by the workshops of Lezoux in the Antonine period. Their accordance as a set is evidenced by the graffiti naming Verus on 8 pieces.
The cache of Papkeszi and its closest paralell in space and time the one of Gorsium indicate that they were both purposely hidden deposits. Cache from the same era are also known from Noricum and Pannonia. Deposits from Gorsium and Aquincum can be related to the Marcomannic–Sarmatian attacks of AD 178–179 which among others resulted in the destruction of the earth-timber fort of Celamantia.
Based on samian and brooches the Roman settlement of Papkeszi was inhabited from the Flavian Age. Although its inhabitants might have hidden a cache of terra sigillata as a significant treasure, the Marcomannic–Sarmatian wars (AD 166–180) did not cause any considerable interruption in the occupation of the settlement.
