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Description and discussion of a papyrus document from Egypt dated to 191 BC, containing a Greek petition to an official of the dioiketes . The subject of the petition is a dispute between a group of naukleroi transporting royal grain on the Nile and some telonai concerning payment of the τɛτάρτη τω̂ν ναύλων. The naukleroi complain that the telonai unjustifiably and unlawfully demand money from them.
The contribution deals with the relations of Attic tragedy and its public according to Aristophanes's "Frogs". First there is evidence that the Greek tragic playwrights address their audience. The fictitious competition then, arranged in "Frogs" between Aeschylus and Euripides in the underworld, displays the requirements of tragic poetry. Notwithstanding their poetic and political differences the rivals of that agon agree with each other on the communicative function of tragedy. Aristophanes proves the great and free attitude which Attic tragedy, engaging for the benefit of the polis, took to its world and its public.
This paper focuses on a group of ten ancient Greek authors who, even in a world where warfare was endemic, can be classified as expressly military writers. They deal with scenarios of either battle or siege, and they show differing blends of realism and fantasy in doing so. Nine of the ten, most recently Athenaeus Mechanicus, have received appropriate attention in modern scholarship; the tenth, Apollodorus of Damascus, is in need of closer (and more sceptical) study. Plans for providing this are here outlined, and reflections are offered on the “genre” as a whole.
Abstract
The promise associated with early 
ancient DNA
results has not been translated into routine techniques of value to archaeologists. The reasons for this are partly technical - ancient DNA analysis is an extremely difficult technique - and partly practical - ancient DNA analysis is often an 
after thought
to an archaeological project. In this paper ancient human DNA analysis is briefly reviewed paying particular attention to specimens originating from Greek archaeological contexts. Problems commonly encountered during ancient DNA research are summarised and recommendations for future strategies in the application of ancient DNA in archaeology are proposed.
Az ókori görög szövegekben találunk néhány olyan példát, amelyeket mai szóhasználattal élve „állatvédő” törvényeknek nevezhetünk. Ezek a törvények vagy tiltják az állatok (illetve bizonyos állatok) megölését, vagy pedig szigorúan büntetik azokat, akik kárt vagy fájdalmat okoztak az állatoknak. Bár a példák meglehetősen elszórtan jelennek meg a görög és a latin irodalom egészében, mégis figyelemre méltóak. Egyesek közülük anekdotikus jelleggel bírnak, ez azonban nem lehet ok arra, hogy ne vegyük komolyan őket, amikor megkíséreljük felkutatni az állatokkal szembeni igazságos és kíméletes bánásmód nyomait az ókori görög felfogásban. Határozottan megtalálhatók egy olyan ősi kultikus törvényhozás nyomai, amely igazságos bánásmódot követelt meg a szelíd háziállatokkal szemben, amelyeknek az ember kulturált és civilizált életét köszönheti. Ez a törvényhozás két kultúrhérós, az eleusisi Triptolemos és az athéni Buzygés alakjához kötődik. Továbbmenve, az Areiospagos legfelsőbb bírói testületének olyan megdöbbentő döntéseire bukkanunk, amelyekben szokatlanul szigorú, sőt halálos büntetést szabtak ki állatkínzásért. Azonban nem csak az arisztokratikus múlt példái, amelyet ezek a bírói döntések szemléltetnek, hanem a demokratikus Athén néhány esete is tanúskodik az ókori görögség állatokkal szembeni szimpátiájáról és igazságosságáról. Ez bizonyára természetes is egy olyan város esetében, amely mindig azzal büszkélkedhetett – és remélhetőleg fog is büszkélkedni mindig –, hogy a törvény és az igazságosság fellegvára.
Jurassic sedimentary evolution and nappe emplacement in the Argolis Peninsula (Peloponnesus, Greece) Mem. Soc. Helv. Sci. Nat. 99 1 111
the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the prevalence of MRSA in Greece is among the highest in Europe, reaching 37.6% in 2019 [ 3 ]. Various methods are used for MRSA typing, such as the identification of
-mentioned phylactery (talisman) with Greek-Jewish inscription. Fig. 14. The Phylactery (talisman) with Greek-Jewish inscription (Capitoline Museums, inv. AC 17137, Roma, Musei Capitolini – Archivio Fotografico
; the problem is higher in hospitalized patients, especially those in the intensive care units (ICUs) [ 1–3 ]. According to the latest report of European Center for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) for 2020, Greece presents a high percentage (66
Abstract
In continuation, of an early study of trace metal /TM/ccontent of Greek lignites and power plant ashes, taken to assess mobilization of TM in Greece by the operation of power plants, new data are presented. Both power plant sites in Greece, i. e. /a/ Northern /Ptolemais, Kardia/, and /b/ Southern /Megalopolis/ have been examined for trace metal content in ashes and in locally used lignites. Instrumental neutron activation analysis /INAA/ was used to determine the content of about 30 minor and major elements. The uranium content of southern Greek lignites was found again to be exceptionally high. The new data are correlated with those of our previous investigation.
