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The object of the study of contact grammar is those changes of linguistic elements that are influenced by the contact language. The clear example which belongs to the field of the Slavic-German-Hungarian contact grammar is the separable, adverbial by origin, prefixes of verbs. In some Slavic languages and dialects, this unusual phenomenon appeared during the lasting contacts with German. As seems, in Hungarian the development of the same phenomenon was also caused by German, and in turn it influenced neighboring Slavic dialects. In the present article, the author have studied the separable verbal prefixes of the Gradi šcan dialect of Croatian, have indicated their German and Hungarian equivalents and have compiled the list of the verbs with the prefixes of this sort. The analysis resulted in the conclusion that the given adverbs not only specify the meaning of the verbs but also dominate in the coining of new words and affect syntax. The research into this most interesting problem, initiated by the prominent Hungarian scholar Laszlo Hadrovics on the basis of South Slavic material, requires the more detailed examination of the Slavic linguistic area and its history.
In this paper I discuss Hungarian progressive as it is expressed in focus-free sentences whose VP possibly contains a particle (verbal prefix). I define three simple distributional tests on the basis of which logical correspondences between certain types of expressions are established. These correspondences are then used to refute the hypothesis that the progressive in Hungarian is a stativizer. Finally, I take a broader look at the possibility of predicting the existence of the progressive reading in the case of particle plus verb complexes..
Taking into account the concept of ‘self-citation’ as ‘literal reproduction, word by word, of someone’s words (cf. the prefix auto -) in order to indicate the right scope to understand sentences’, the paper intends to analyse the relation between elements inside the adverbial structure “ADV ment parlant” where ‘ADV ment ’ is understood as ‘point of view adverbs’. The paper presents an analysis of the nature of the relation between the adverbial structure and the sentence which is related to it. A new concept will be introduced—close to what is referred to as the parenthétique character of these adverbs—the parenthésique character, which appears only when they the adverbs are used in final position. There, ‘self-citation’ emerges unleashing a range of cognitive procedures.
Pointing to various movements of individuals, the theme of migration-immigration-émigration ‘migration-immigration-emigration’ stimulates heterogeneous readings. The word migration , deriving from Latin migratio , meaning ‘displacement from one country to another, to settle’. Human migration refers to the displacement of the place of life of the individual. The prefixes im -and é -are indicative of disparate movements. I will uncover the meaning of these three words, migration-immigration-emigration . I will analyze the shape of the idea of migration in literature, in this case an essay type, in order to clarify his affinity with the notion of rhizome borrowed from Gilles Deleuze. After a thorough analysis of the essay rhizomatique , in the second part I will tackle the question of the image ‘migrant’ by Andrei Makine, a francophone writer who emigrated from Russia in the late 1980’s.
Abstract:
This paper intends to investigate the development of the periphrastic form for the dative and genitive in the Merovingian charters. The periphrastic forms are reserved in Classical Latin to some special uses: the indirect object after a verb that has the prefix ad- and the partitive function of the genitive they replace. These forms extend to new uses in the Late Latin and are the new majoritarian form for the indirect object, but remain a minoritarian variant for the functions of the classical genitive. The genitival functions adapt to new forms of expression: the periphrastic form and a fixed position in the sentence immediately after the noun, its complete. This paper tries to show and to corroborate by means of statistics and chosen examples of the 7th and 8th centuries the development of these forms, which were still rare in the classical period.
In the article a stylistic, syntactic and semantic analysis of the Russian verbs with the prefix raz- and postfix -s’a is carried out. To the author’s mind, semantically this group of verbs is not homogeneous. Three subgroups are established and described: A. verbs denoting intensive beginning of an action; B. verbs denoting gradual intensity and achievement of high intensity of an action; C. verbs capable of referring to the meaning of both A and B. The author suggests that the verbs belonging to the groups A and B can be treated as morphological homonyms. It is also stated that the belonging of the analyzed verbs to group A, B or C is mainly determined by the lexical meaning of the verb stem.
This paper first describes the recent development that scientists and engineers of many disciplines, countries, and institutions increasingly engage in nanoscale research at breathtaking speed. By co-author analysis of over 600 papers published in “nano journals” in 2002 and 2003, I investigate if this apparent concurrence is accompanied by new forms and degrees of multi- and interdisciplinarity as well as of institutional and geographic research collaboration. Based on a new visualization method, patterns of research collaboration are analyzed and compared with those of classical disciplinary research. I argue that current nanoscale research reveals no particular patterns and degrees of interdisciplinarity and that its apparent multidisciplinarity consists of different largely mono-disciplinary fields which are rather unrelated to each other and which hardly share more than the prefix “nano”.
For any inverse semigroup S we construct an inverse semigroup S(S), which has the following universal property with respect to dual prehomomorphisms from S: there is an injective dual prehomomorphism ι S : S → S(S) such that for each dual prehomomorphism θ from S into an inverse semigroup T there exists a unique homomorphism θ* : S(S) → T with ι S θ* = θ. If we restrict the class of dual prehomomorphisms under consideration to order preserving ones, S(S) may be replaced by a certain homomorphic image Ŝ(S) which can be viewed as a natural generalization of the Birget-Rhodes prefix expansion for groups [4] to inverse semigroups. Recently, Lawson, Margolis and Steinberg [8] have given an alternative description of Ŝ(S) which is based on O’Carroll’s theory of idempotent pure congruences [11]. It should be noted that our ideas can be used to simplify some of their arguments.
shown that the IS stress assignment differentiates between the domain comprising of the root and suffixes, which I term ‘Minimal Prosodic Word’ (ω min ), and prefixes, which are outside of that domain. Prefixes then are prosodically adjoined either at
Corpus-based studies in the field of word-formation have looked at translated language with the aim of (i) assessing the role of the source language (SL) in the overuse of certain derivational affixes in the target language (TL) and (ii) examining translationrelated, SL- and TL-independent trends such as the normalization of creative lexis. However, two aspects of the word-formation features of translated language remain underresearched: (i) language-pair specific properties which lead to a marked decrease in the use of certain word-forming devices in the target texts compared to their source texts (here referred to as ‘language-pair specific morphological decrease’) and (ii) the genre-sensitivity of word-forming devices in translated language. To examine these two aspects, we report on a corpus-based case study of the French translation of the English un- and in-prefixes. The translation data makes it possible to identify the following language-pair-related factors which are responsible for morphological decrease in French target texts: morphological productivity, diverging polysemy and partial phraseological equivalence. The study also shows that morphological decrease is significantly more frequent in fiction than in news, thereby indicating that genre also plays a major role in shaping the word-formation features of translated language.
