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.z. Daria 33 130 Maróti, É. 1999 Előzetes jelentés a Pátyon végzett leletmentésről, Kutatások Pest Megyében, Tudományos Konferencia II
Agistemus exsertus Gonzalez (Acari: Stigmaeidae) has been reported from Africa, Asia and Europe. In Egypt, it was noted to be associated with Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), one of the most important pest of fruit trees, vegetables and field crops. In this study, we test the hypothesis that factitious prey such as eggs of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) could be a suitable food source for the predatory mite A. exsertus. In the laboratory, we compared the developmental times, survival and life table parameters of the predatory mite A. exsertus feeding on the natural prey (T. urticae eggs) or the factitious prey (eggs of G. mellonella) as primary / alternative or supplementary food at 30 °C, 70–75% RH and photoperiod of 16: 8 (L: D) hours.Total developmental time of A. exsertus females was faster on eggs of G. mellonella than eggs of T. urticae. A total of 131.5 and 97.9 eggs per female, respectively, were obtained when A. exsertus was fed on eggs of above factitious and natural prey. Life table parameters were estimated as net reproductive rate (Ro) 92.30 and 57.291, intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.2384 and 0.2084 days−1, finite rate of increase (λ) 1.2692 and 1.2318, mean generation time (T) 18.98 and 19.41 days and doubling time (DT) 1.26 and 1.44 days when the predator fed on eggs of G. mellonella and T. urticae.Thus, it is concluded that A. exsertus can be considered as a valuable addition to the existing biological control for the pyralid insect, G. mellonella and also the predator can gain equally benefits from predation on factitious and natural prey.
Influence of various prey stages of the pest Tetranychus urticae Koch on survival, development, and reproduction as well as the life table parameters of the predacious mite Neoseiulus barkeri (Hughes) was studied under laboratory conditions. Neoseiulus barkeri females lived shorter (36.31 days versus 45.00), had a higher total fecundity (64.81 eggs female−1 versus 53.81 eggs female−1) and a higher daily fecundity rate (2.76 eggs female−1 day−1 versus 1.78 eggs female−1 day−1), and exhibited a higher intrinsic rate of increase (0.339 individuals female−1 day−1 versus 0.226 individuals female−1 day−1) and shorter generation time (11.60 days versus 15.70 days), at 28–30 °C, 70–75% RH under continuous fluorescent light, when reared on a diet of larvae rather than a diet on mixed nymph stages of T. urticae on raspberry leaf disks. The sex ratio of the progeny was strongly female biased recorded when female of N. barkeri fed on larvae and nymphs of T. urticae. The adult female of N. barkeri consumed daily an average of 25.0 larvae versus 82.0 eggs (24–48-h old) of T. urticae during its life cycle, while it was increased to 48.6 larvae versus 80.5 eggs (24–48-h old) daily during the adult stage. Neoseiulus barkeri failed to develop beyond the protonymphal stage when the predator offered eggs (0–24-h old) of T. urticae as food. Larvae of T. urticae proved to be the most favorable stage of T. urticae for N. barkeri, while the eggs (24–48-h old) were the least.
The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus — a quarantine pest — has been monitored since 2003 in Hungary. The present paper gives a short review of the monitoring/survey system and the results obtained.
. Markó and C. Szinetár. 2000. Effect of pest management systems on foliage- and grass-dwelling spider communities in an apple orchard in Hungary. Int. J. Pest Manage. 46:241-250. Effect of pest management systems on foliage
The chemical composition of essential oil extracted from leaves of the medicinal plant Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds growing in Egypt, were determined through Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ( GC/MS). The analyses revealed that the major component of M. longifolia was Monterpene ketone (piperitone oxide). Mentha longifolia was potent for the pest Tetranychus urticae Koch with a significant increase in repellency. In addition, it exhibited strong oviposition deterrence to the pest based on a 99.4% reduction of the total number of eggs on leaf discs treated with the oil. The LC50 values of M. longifolia against eggs, nymphs and females of T. urticae by fumigant application, were 2.95, 3.47, 3.74 μL / L, while the LC90 values were 8.99, 9.41, 11.01 μL/ L, respectively.
The toxicity of M. longifolia oil by fumigant application to females and eggs of 3 predatory phytoseiid mites was tested. Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) is extremely insusceptible to M. longifolia oil than the pest T. urticae and both phytoseiid mites, Neoseiuls barkeri (Hughes) and Typhlodromips swirskii (Athias Henriot) under laboratory conditions. When both stages of tested predatory mites, exposed to fumigant of LC50 and LC90 μL/L values reported on T. urticae, female’s mortality of N. californicus was lesser than that reported on N. barkeri and T. swirskii.
These show that the fumigant toxicity of M. longifolia oil has the highest lethal activity to the pest T. urticae and the least to the predatory mite N. californicus. Results indicated that the mode of delivery of the essential oil was largely a result of action in the vapor phase via respiratory system. Data was suggested that M. longifolia oil have the potential agent to be used in the maintainable management of T. urticae combined with N. californicus.
Three specimens of invasive pest mite, Brevipalpus californicus (Banks, 1904) were collected on leaves of Dracaena marginata ʻTricolorʼ plant. The collected specimens belong to the Beard et al. (2015) “species B group” on the basis of the morphology of prodorsal and opisthonothal pattern. A new key to the Hungarian Brevipalpus is given.
Neoseiulus barkeri (Hughes) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) has been reported from Africa, Asia and Europe, often in association with Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), one of the most important pests of strawberry, cucumber and eggplant in different parts of the world. Neoseiulus barkeri is often observed for a limited time on plants in the absence of prey, feeding on alternative and supplementary foods and reaching high population levels. In this study, we test the hypothesis that various fungi (recorded in association with the host plant) could be suitable food source for the predatory mite N. barkeri . In the laboratory, we compared the developmental times, survival and oviposition rates of the predatory mite feeding on the primary food (T. urticae) or mycelium and spores of Aspergillus niger, Alternaria solani, Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum as alternative or supplementary food. Results indicated that the fungi, A. niger, A. solani and P. digitatum are adequate food sources for generalist mite survival and development. Neoseiulus barkeri was able to sustain oviposition when fed on the fungus A. niger , so it was proved to be an alternative food, conversely the predator failed to oviposit when fed on P. digitatum and A. solani , hence, both fungi can be consider as supplementary food for the predator. The fungus P. italicum is proved to be inadequate food, since most of protonymphs failed to complete its development and reach adult female. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding preference and the effect of food items (pest mite or fungi) commonly present on strawberry, cucumber and pepper in fields or greenhouses.
