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Abstract
Na2 1 1At and2 1 1At–Te colloid injections were prepared. By comparison with tissue distribution of Na2 1 1At and2 1 1At–Te colloid injections it has been demonstrated that the2 1 1At–Te colloid is stable in vivo. It has been shown that the radiohalogen,2 1 1At, has huge and extensive radiobiological effects in studying on the changes in histopathology, enzyme histochemistry, chromosome aberration, micronucleus frequency of bone-marrow polychromatic erythrocytes and the injury effect of2 1 1At on experimental Ehrlich ascites cells.
A haemangioma developing in the wall of the oesophagus and protruding into its cavity is reported for the first time from a Red-eared Slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans ). As the tumour mechanically hampered swallowing, the animal was unable to eat and consequently developed a poor condition. Histopathology of the tumour revealed all characteristics of a haemangioma: the blood-filled blood-vessels having an irregular cross-section were lined with endothelial cells. Claudin-5 immunohistochemical antibodies were employed for characterising the tumour, and this examination confirmed our initial diagnosis of a haemangioma.
Screening of microorganisms capable of producing the enzyme fructosyltransferase (FTase) that could be used for the production of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) led to the isolation of a strain of Aspergillus niger. The fungus produced extracellular FTase in both submerged fermentation (SmF) using chemically-defined medium, and solid state fermentation (SSF) using agricultural by-products such as kola nut pod and ripe plantain peel. Maximum enzyme activity of 24.49 Uml−1 was obtained in SmF after 48 h of fermentation, while maximum enzyme activities of 20.77 and 27.77 U g−1 were obtained in SSF using ripe plantain peel and kola nut pod, respectively. The enzyme was used to prepare fructooligosaccharides (FOS), with the maximum yield of 33.24% FOS, consisting of kestose and nystose produced by FTase of kola nut pod fermentation.The safety of prepared FOS was investigated using albino rats. The rats were grouped and fed orally with 2500 mg kg−1 bw/day of FOS, 5000 mg kg−1 bw/day FOS, 2500 mg kg−1 bw/day of honey and 2500 mg kg−1 bw/day of 60% sucrose, respectively, for a period of 30 days. Their effects on haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, differential count, blood glucose, protein, albumin, cholesterol, and histopathology of some organs were studied. The mean body weight (male rat) ranged between 161.80±22.37 to 196.00±16.50 g, while for female it ranged between 130.80±8.64 to 176.00±4.36 g. All haematological and blood chemistry parameters examined were normal, except for blood glucose which was higher in male/female rats fed with 60% sucrose. No histopathology changes were observed.From this study, it can be concluded that the studied strain of A. niger can utilize agro wastes, such as kola nut pod and ripe plantain peel for the production of FTase. The prepared FOS may be considered safe for consumption as alternative sweetener to sucrose, as it does not produce any pathological effect in the animals. It promoted good health in the experimental albino rat as seen in the haematology, blood chemistry and histopathology reports.
Gastrointestinalis vérzést okozó, preoperatív angiographiával kimutatott vékonybél-GIST
Small bowel GIST causing gastrointestinal bleeding, diagnosed by preoperative angiography
Absztrakt
A szerzők egy 65 éves férfi esetét mutatják be, akit masszív gastrointestinalis vérzés miatt kezeltek. A betegnél a műtét előtt elvégzett angiographiával lokalizálták a jejunumon lévő vérzésforrást. A resecalt daganat szövettani vizsgálata gastrointestinalis stromalis tumort igazolt. A szerzők tárgyalják a vékonybélből származó vérzések preoperatív diagnosztikájának lehetőségeit és a GIST-tumorok molekuláris biológiájának, illetve kezelésének néhány érdekes vonását is.
Summary
Radioanalytical techniques have been applied in a study on (subclinical) hepatitis in Dobermann dogs. Cu levels in transcutaneous obtained full liver biopsies were quantified using INAA and 66Cu. A copper excretion study was performed in a group of completely normal Dobermann dogs and in six Dobermanns with elevated copper levels and suffering from subclinical hepatitis. 64Cu2+ was used to assess whether a normal bile flow and thus excretion was possible. All subjects underwent separately from this 64Cu2+ excretion study a 99mTc-Bis-IDA scintigraphy. The Cu levels in liver of these hepatitis patients vary from 600 to 1600 mg . kg-1 whereas 100-300 mg . kg-1 is probably normal for healthy Dobermann dogs. These Cu levels match fully with histopathology results and clinical observations. Measurements during a 2 years' evaluation period showed a clear relation between the existence of subclinical hepatitis and increased Cu levels without a sign for cholestasis or an abnormal bile flow.
A heterotopic in situ complex adenocarcinoma developing on the hindlimb is reported for the first time from an Asian Leaf Turtle (Cyclemys dentata). The tumour mechanically hampered the movement of the animal. The turtle refused to eat and consequently developed a poor condition. Histopathology of the tumour revealed all characteristics of a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma originating from apocrine gland-like tissue: the irregular, tubular structures varying in size were generally lined by two to four layers of cuboidal to columnar neoplastic epithelial cells. Claudin-5, pancytokeratin, cytokeratin, vimentin, α-SMA and Ki-67 immunohistochemical antibodies were employed for characterising the tumour. The diagnosis was a complex adenocarcinoma originating from apocrine gland-like tissue in a turtle.
Smaller macropodid species (commonly referred to as wallabies) are extremely susceptible to toxoplasmosis: in most cases, infection with Toxoplasma gondii leads to death within a short time. Between June 2006 and July 2010, T. gondii was detected by immunohistochemical examination in six Tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) that died in the Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden; in another four specimens histopathology revealed T. gondii-like organisms (which could not be differentiated from Neospora caninum solely by morphology), and in another 11 animals toxoplasmosis as the possible cause of death could not be excluded. The current zoo population of 12 Tammar wallabies was tested for T. gondii IgG antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT), with negative results. We suppose that most of the deaths were due to acute toxoplasmosis resulting from a recent infection.
The endocytotic c-type lectin receptor DEC-205 is highly expressed on immature dendritic cells. In previous studies, it was shown that antigen-targeting to DEC-205 is a useful tool for the induction of antigen-specific Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and thereby can prevent inflammatory processes. However, whether this approach is sufficient to mediate tolerance in mucosal tissues like the gut is unknown. In this study, we established a new mouse model in which the adoptive transfer of naive hemagglutinin (HA)-specific CD4+Foxp3− T cells into VILLIN-HA transgenic mice leads to severe colitis. To analyze if antigen-targeting to DEC-205 could protect against inflammation of the gut, VILLIN-HA transgenic mice were injected with an antibody–antigen complex consisting of the immunogenic HA110–120 peptide coupled to an α-DEC-205 antibody (DEC-HA) before adoptive T cell transfer. DEC-HAtreated mice showed significantly less signs of intestinal inflammation as was demonstrated by reduced loss of body weight and histopathology in the gut. Strikingly, abrogated intestinal inflammation was mediated via the conversion of naive HA-specific CD4+Foxp3− T cells into HA-specific CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. In this study, we provide evidence that antigen-targeting to DEC-205 can be utilized for the induction of tolerance in mucosal organs that are confronted with large numbers of exogenous antigens.
The linear hypertrophic scar has become the most common type of pathologic scarring. Silicone-gel sheeting is the first line therapy while intralesional steroid is the second. A light and electron microscopic analysis was carried out to reveal differences in tissue reaction following the two different treatments.Two groups of 12 patients each were treated for 4 months. For the first group, diluted Triamcinolone acetonide was injected until an inactive state was achieved. The other group of patients was treated with silicone-gel sheeting. The scars were examined every two weeks and their appearance documented. After reaching the expected therapeutic response, inactive scars were removed. The excised scars were evaluated through light microscopic histopathology and electron microscopy.The light and electron microscopic observations revealed marked differences following treatments. The activity of fibroblasts and the numbers of collagen fibers forming bundles decreased and the orientation of the collagen fibers was more variable in the treated scars. The amount of elastic fibers increased after both steroid and silicone-gel sheeting treatment. Vascularization was also slightly changed, with more capillaries and fewer pre-capillary arteries detected in the treated scars. Both treatments resulted in the same decrease in score but steroid treatment was more rapid in onset. We suggest that the two different treatments work through different mechanisms, although the final functional outcome is similar.
Slaughterhouse sampling and examination of urogenital tracts of 499 sows and gilts culled for reproductive reasons from 21 Hungarian herds were performed over a 6-year period. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of different urogenital tract lesions, and to provide sensitivity and specificity estimates for macroscopic and bacteriological examinations in the diagnosis of urocystitis and endometritis. Furthermore, the association between endometritis and urocystitis was assessed. The prevalence of main lesions of the urogenital tract was similar to that reported in other studies. The 'sensitivity' of macroscopic and bacteriological methods was determined statistically by taking histopathology as the 'Gold Standard'. As a result, the 'sensitivity' of macroscopic methods for the diagnosis of endometritis and urocystitis was ≤ 18.1% and 47.9%, respectively, while the 'sensitivity' of bacteriology for the diagnosis of the same conditions was ≤ 31.8% and 63.0%, respectively. The presumed positive association between urocystitis and endometritis was confirmed; it was not confounded by parity. Animals affected by urocystitis had a 3.5 times higher odds to simultaneously have endometritis than animals without urocystitis.
