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Characterisation of unifloral honeys is a hard task that involves evaluation of the results of melissopalynological, physicochemical and sensory analyses. Finding reliable chemical markers to ascertain botanical origin of honey is of great importance to the beekeeping industry. The purpose of this work was to analyse untreated Greek thyme honeys and evaluate the possibility of establishing chemical markers for this honey by using a simple and reliable analytical method. The analytical method employed consists of extraction on octadecylsilica cartridges, GC separation and FID detection. The limits of detection were 30, 20, 15 and 15 μg kg −1 for eucalyptol, camphor, menthol and thymol, respectively, while the limit of quantification for each substance was 50 μg kg −1 . Overall recoveries were >85%. The results showed that none of the 47 thyme honey samples analysed contained eucalyptol or camphor. All samples contained menthol and thymol, but the concentrations were very low ranging from traces to 51.3 μg kg −1 and 65 μg kg −1 , respectively.
The basic composition (moisture, crude protein, crude fat, total carbohydrates and ash) and metal content profile (Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Al, As and Sn) of eight wild edible mushroom species ( Boletus edulis, Boletus luridiformis, Suillus granulatus, Amanita rubescens, Macrolepiota procera, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lepista nuda and Volvariella gloiocephala ) corresponding to 7 different families, from forests of West Macedonia, Greece, were determined. The dry matter content of mushrooms varied from 7.72% to 12.3%. Also, mushrooms were found to be good sources of proteins and total carbohydrates, with contents varying in the ranges 1.27–3.15, 5.33–8.41 g/100 g fresh weight (f.w.), respectively. In addition, the fat contents were very low 0.28–0.66 g/100 g f.w. The mineral elements were analysed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and metal content of mushroom samples ranged from 743–1200 for Mg, 0.20–11.8 for Cr, 8.57–35.1 for Mn, 74.8–393 for Fe, 0.07–1.45 for Co, 0.65–5.74 for Ni, 4.75–75.2 for Cu, 60.6–101 for Zn, 0.02–1.75 for Pb and 0.08–1.31 µg g −1 for Cd. As, Sn and Al concentrations were under the detection limit of the method used. The detection limits of the method for As, Sn and Al are 0.02 µg g −1 for each element.
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of bioactive total dietary fibres (TDF) and glucans (α- and β-glucans) in submerged cultures of wild Ganoderma australe and commercial Pleurotus ostreatus, both of Greek origin. The contents of glucans and TDF were determined by using the respective Megazyme enzymatic kits. Glucose and yeast extract (YE) were suggested as appropriate carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, for obtaining simultaneously high production of TDF and β-glucans by G. australe, which are compounds of great pharmacological interest, whereas maltose and YE were found favourable for high production of the above-mentioned functional components by P. ostreatus. The data obtained in this study provide useful information for further development of the studied mushroom fermentation process on a scale of the bioreactor aiming at enhanced TDF and β-glucan production.
. Quasi-static loading strategy for earthquake simulation on precast RC shear walls . Proc. 12th WSEAS International Conference on Systems, Vol. 2 , Herakleion , Greece , pp. 813 – 819 . [6
exceptionally hot summer of 2007 in Athens, Greece – A typical summer in the future climate ? Global and Planetary Change , 67 , 227 – 236 . [7] Grumm R. H
Proceeding of the 12 th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology , Rhodes, Greece, 8-10 September 2011 1 8 http
. Resceanu , I. , Niculescu , M. , Bizdoaca , N. , Pana , C. ( 2008 ), Remote Monitoring And Diagnosis of a Mechatronic System . 8th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Informatics and Communications (AIC’8), Rhodes, Greece, ISSN: 1790-5109, pp
Environment. Greece . [10] Balaji N. C. , et al. ( 2013 ), Thermal Performance of the Building Walls . 1st IBPSA Italy Conference
. Gavriluţ I. , Tiponut V. and Gacsádi A. ( 2007 ). An Integrated Environment for Mobile Robot Navigation based on CNN Images, Proc . of the WSEAS International Conference on Systems, Crete Island, Greece, pp. 81 – 86
-based hardware”, IEEE SMC International Conference on Distributed Human-Machine Systems, March 9–12, 2008 Athens, Greece, 468–473 , 2008 . [9]. Cs. Szász
