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. (1993): Samsun'un vezirköpru ilçesinde kizilcik'in (Cornus mas L.) seleksiyon yoluyla islahi üzerinde bir araştirma . (A research on the selection breeding of Cornelian cherries ( Cornus mas L .) grown in natural flora of Vezirköprü province of Samsun
Both resistance genes Lr19 and Lr24 originate from Agropyron elongatum . The gene Lr24 is derived from two different translocations: 1BS/3Ag (‘Amigo’) or 3DS/3Ag (‘Agent’). The use of molecular markers makes selection easier during the breeding process as well as in the selection of the parents. In this study, two markers were used to identify the gene Lr19 (GbF/R 130 , SCS265 512 ) and four different markers (J9/1-2 310 , SC-H5 700 , SCS1302 613 and SCS1326 607 ) were available to search for the gene Lr24 . The GbF/ R130 marker for gene Lr19 worked well, but the SCAR marker SCS265 512 proved to be easier to use in MAS. SCAR markers SCS1302 613 and SCS1326 607 proved to be highly reliable and effective for gene Lr24 not only in Agent-derived sources but also in ‘Amigo’ derivatives. The STS marker J9/1-2 310 and the SCAR marker SC-H5 700 required several modifications and were effective only in ‘Agent’ offsprings.
The ascorbic acid, total polyphenols, total anthocyanins and mineral content, together with antioxidant activity, was determined in five Czech, two Ukrainian and two Austrian cultivars of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) widely grown in the Czech Republic. Ascorbic acid content varied between 199–433 mg kg−1, total polyphenols between 2174–6143 mg kg−1, and total anthocyanins between 61–253 mg kg−1. All fruits were good sources of major metals (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) and trace elements (Cu, Zn, and Cr). The antioxidant activity was determined by EPR and DPPH radical scavenging assay and ranged from 29.5% to 67.2%. There was a linear relationship between antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content. Based on the obtained results, Ekotišnovský, Fruchtal, and Ruzyňský cultivars were recommended for further investigation and breeding programme of cornelian cherry fruit in the Czech Republic.
In recent years an information system has been elaborated and constantly improved in Martonvásár, making it possible to handle the 3–4 million identification, observation, measurement, pedigree and other data generated for a total of almost 100,000 experimental plots each year. The extremely rapid development of biotechnology has made breeders interested in integrating molecular breeding methods into the conventional phenotype-pedigree system. The aim is to improve the competitiveness of breeding programmes through the intensive use of this new technology, with particular emphasis on determining how marker-assisted selection can be utilised. The present paper outlines not only a new data structure introduced to accommodate the new data elements of data categories such as gene sources, primer bank, primer combinations, markers, genes and alleles, but also data management tools and a standalone software interface to combine both molecular and phenotypic data. The integration of the molecular genomic data (GENETECH) with the information from the existing databases: pedigree (PEDIGREE), gene bank (GENEBANK) and germplasm exchange (GERMPEXCHG), ensures that biotechnological data generated at no little cost can be harnessed in ways that are important for breeders in decision-making. This is achieved through: (i) identification and centralization in uniform sources of the molecular data, and their matching with specific phenotypes, with special regard to those of importance for marker-assisted selection, (ii) integration and compliance with existing information system data, (iii) facilitation of decision-making based on the above (e.g. grouping of selection/crossing partners).
original draft, Funding Acquisition. Marie Mas: Conceptualization, Investigation. Julie Pajaud: Writing, review and editing, Resources. Véronique Perronne: Writing original draft. Yannick Lequette: Writing, review
The research institute in Martonvásár is one of the largest agricultural research institutes in Hungary and in Central Europe. For many years now, the accumulated data on the extensive wheat breeding stocks has been handled and analysed using programs developed in the institute. The information system that has been elaborated and constantly improved can be used for keeping records of breeding stock, for planning field and laboratory experiments, for site-plant performance evaluation, for automated data collection, for the rapid evaluation of the results and for effective management of the pedigree, seed exchange and the institute’s cereal gene bank.The demand for the storage of molecular data and their use in breeding has increased parallel with the development of new, PCR-based markers. For this reason, informatics tools (data structure and software) suited to the design of marker-assisted selection experiments and the interpretation of the results have been developed as part of the existing Martonvásár wheat breeding information system. The aim was to link molecular data to the phenotypic information already available in the database and to make the results available to wheat breeders and geneticists.The interpretation of molecular data related to specific genotypes is of assistance in clarifying the genetic background of economically important phenotypic traits, in identifying markers linked to the useful genes or agronomic traits to be found in the genomics database, and in the selection of satisfactory parental partners for breeding. Marker assisted selection coupled with traditional breeding activities enables the breeder to make plant selections based on the presence of target genes. Conventional wheat breeding with the integrated molecular component allows breeders to more accurately and efficiently select defined sets of genes in segregating generations.The molecular data are stored in a relational database, the central element of which is the [DNASource] entity. This is used to collect and store information on gene sources arising during breeding. It is therefore linked both to the phenotypic data stored in the traditional breeding system (measurements, observations, laboratory data) and to the component parts of the new, molecular data structure ([PrimerBank], [Marker], [Allele] and [Gene]).
A partially automated method of DNA isolation (a Freedom Evo workstation coupled with a paramagnetic bead-based DNA isolation kit from Machery-Nagel) was evaluated in terms of DNA quantity, purity, and quality in comparison with a conventional manual method (the membrane-based Qiagen Plant DNeasy kit). In addition, the efficiency in terms of time and cost was evaluated. The partially automated method enabled the isolation from each sample of DNA of good A260/A280 ratio and sufficient quantity to serve as a template for dozens of PCR amplifications suitable for conventional marker-assisted selection applications. However, lower PCR efficiencies, presumably due to lower DNAquality, were obtained with DNA extracted by the partially automated method as compared with the Qiagen method. The partially automated method presented here was shown to be superior to the conventional Qiagen method in that the costs and time required were reduced by ca. 50%. The Freedom Evo workstation coupled with Machery-Nagel DNA isolation kit appeared advantageous for high-throughput applications required for plant molecular breeding.
Wheat gluten is mainly responsible for the structural characteristics of bakery products. When studying wheat proteins, it is important to use reliable extraction methods. Four different methods of wheat protein extraction were studied, with emphasis on the glutenin-rich fractions. The final quality of the protein fractions was evaluated in terms of denaturation, indirect yield, molecular weight, secondary structure, and thermal profile. Our results indicate that addition of dithiothreitol improves glutenin extraction without interfering with protein secondary structure and denaturation. Different thermal profiles were evidenced for different extraction methods, indicating the selectivity of the processes. Denaturation temperatures of the samples showed differences within about 3 °C, while denaturation enthalpies (ΔH) differed by about 14 kJ µg−1. Data in this paper may provide a broader perspective on how wheat proteins are affected by the extraction method.
Közlemények 1959 48 52 67 Priszter, Sz. (ed.) (1990) European cornel. Cornus mas L. Magyarország kultúrflórája
Scree forest communities Mercuriali-Tilietum Zólyomi et Jakucs 1958 of Börzsöny Mts were not processed until the present. These lime-dominated forests develop on andesite base-rock, mainly on periglacial scree surfaces. Using the Braun-Blanquet-Soó method 15 sampling spots were studied and analysed based on floristical composition, cenological aspects and habitat characteristics. The stand's species stock consists of tree species like Acer platanoides, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia platyphyllos, shrubs like Cornus mas, Corylus avellana, Euonymus verrucosus, Ribes uva-crispa and herbs like Cystopteris fragilis, Dryopteris filix-mas, Galeobdolon luteum, Galium schultesii, G. odoratum, Hedera helix, Melica uniflora, Mercurialis perennis, Mycelis muralis, Poa nemoralis, Waldsteinia geoides. Rare Tilio-Acerion species are Adoxa moschatellina, Gagea minima, Geranium lucidum. Cenological categories, life forms, geoelement distribution, and Borhidi's Social Behaviour Types were studied on the basis of the synthetic table. Relative ecological T, W, R values according to Zólyomi, and Borhidi's continentality were also evaluated. Results were compared to Parietario-Aceretum (Horánszky 1964) Soó 1971 community belonging to alliance Tilio platyphylli-Acerion pseudoplatani. This andesitic gorge forest community where highly dominant species are Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior is a closely related to the scree forests.
