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Abstract
The heat capacity and the heat content of bismuth niobate BiNb5O14 were measured by the relaxation time method, DSC and drop method, respectively. The temperature dependence of heat capacity in the form C pm=455.84+0.06016T–7.7342·106/T 2 (J K−1mol−1) was derived by the least squares method from the experimental data. Furthermore, the standard molar entropy at 298.15 K S m=397.17 J K−1mol−1 was derived from the low temperature heat capacity measurement.
We argue that the information technology revolution has brought about the differentiation of secular capital-using and labour-saving direction of technical change. Based on the example of the US manufacturing industry, asset and sector specific differences in the bias of technical change are documented. While the clear ICT- and intangible capital-using bias of technical change is well-documented in the literature, this paper provides evidence for the non-ICT capital-saving bias of technical change in the fifth Kondratieff cycle. In the past decade the US manufacturing sector displayed a noticeable deceleration of capital accumulation and capital intensity increase, a trend that diverges from the one observed in the other two sectors of the economy: in agriculture and in services. Non-ICT capital-saving technical change provokes increasing divergence between the development strategies of technological followers (characterised by tangible investment-led growth, and increasing capital-output ratios), and of technological leaders (marked by increasing intangible capital-intensity and diminishing tangible capital-intensity).
This paper investigates whether multinational companies possess superior manufacturing knowledge relative to domestic companies operating in emerging market countries. Manufacturing knowledge is operationalized as knowledge in use through the implementation and performance impact of manufacturing practices. Using survey data of 216 manufacturing plants located in five emerging countries, we apply analysis of variance (ANOVA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) to identify the potential knowledge surplus of multinational subsidiaries over local companies. Results of our analysis show that, generally, multinational subsidiaries invest significantly more effort in implementing manufacturing practices. Nevertheless, their knowledge superiority concerning the effective use of these practices is only materialized in terms of practices related to human resource development and advanced manufacturing technologies.
This paper empirically explores the validity of the Kaldorian insights into economic growth and development. In doing so, we examine the three laws outlined in Kaldor’s analysis and test their relevance to the Greek economy for the period 1970–2006. We employ the ARDL method to analyse the long-run and short-run relationships among the variables. The empirical results confirm Kaldor’s proposition about the importance of the demand side of the economy and thus provide the necessary theoretical and empirical ground for innovative economic policies in these difficult times for Greece.
In 1998, the European Union (EU) entered into negotiations with Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia concerning the enlargement of the Union. At the end of 1999, the European Commission decided that six other countries could join the negotiations in 2000 (Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, Slovakia, Malta and Romania), and it was suggested that a decision concerning the date of membership would be taken in 2002 for these applicants fulfilling all the criteria. Many questions still remain on both sides, in particular regarding institutional reform of the EU (Festoc, 1998), and the ability of the Central and Eastern European countries to adopt the “acquis”.
In this article, we shall evaluate the ways in which the Central European countries (Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic — the CECs) have already integrated to the Western European economy, using trade data over the last ten years. First, we show that since the beginning of the transition, a feature of the foreign trade of the CECs has been a strong reorientation from East to West, in particular to Germany, together with a rapid growth in trade between the EU and the CECs. Second, we describe the trade structure, focussed on foreign direct investment as a mean of developing new exports. The third and fourth sections study the development of the specialisations of the CECs and the nature of trade between the CECs and the EU respectively.
Abstract
This study examines the role of Magyar Suzuki in the Hungarian automotive industry. It is the oldest foreign vehicle manufacturer and a symbol of modernisation in the post-communist era in Hungary. Due to EU's local content rule, Magyar Suzuki, in comparison with its counterparts in the region, has established a locally embedded supply chain network. Magyar Suzuki has facilitated process and product upgrading of the local suppliers in Hungary. Nevertheless, functional upgrading is relatively limited due to automotive multinational corporations' recognition of Hungary as a low-cost production location, a low level of R&D operation, and a small domestic market.
Abstract
Households supply the workforce for the modern economy, increasingly based on information and communication technology (IT). The access of households to e-devices and e-channels has been continuously growing in the last two decades. The aim of the study is to reflect these theoretical concepts with data-based, econometric causality analysis. Specifically, this study investigates whether the digitalization of households is a factor in their macroeconomic and behavioural indicators. In other words, does households' access to digital devices and channels determine rates of employment, productivity (TFP), level of savings, disposable income, per capita GDP or the growth ratio of GDP, and even such institutional indicators as political stability? The methodology employed is panel Granger causality analysis and Dumitrescu-Hurlin test, and the regional scope is the EU. Causality is tested between the households' digitalization and their macroeconomic, consumer behaviour or institutional indicators using panel Granger causality tests.
-0037 0.3 SbP 5 O 14 36-0006 0.2 SbP 5 O 14 36-0006 0
A DTA study of the thermal properties of Tl2V6O16, showed that its structure is not decomposed up to 475 °C. It melts at 505 °C. Tl2V8O21 and Tl3V5O14 crystallize successively from the melt.
