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Introduction Wagering on racing and sporting events in Australia has grown substantially in recent years, where the legal age for gambling is 18 years or older. Race-betting losses totaled $3.3 billion in 2016
( Hing et al., 2015 ; Lopez-Gonzalez, Estévez, & Griffiths, 2017 ; Meyer et al., 2011 ). While changes to a gambling product alter its structural characteristics, changes to a betting platform, such as on-track betting, a website or app, affect its
bet repeatedly ( Dowling, Smith, & Thomas, 2005 ), thereby potentially taking advantage of deficits in impulsiveness in disordered gambling ( Amlung, Vedelago, Acker, Balodis, & MacKillop, 2017 ; MacKillop et al., 2011 ). By comparison, there has been
product where product design is important for gamblers’ welfare. For example, in the UK, legislative and taxation changes have contributed to the growth of the sports betting market since 2000 ( Forrest, 2008 ), and sports betting may now be the most
Introduction Sports betting is a rapidly growing industry that obtained a worldwide market size of over 200 billion United States (US) dollars in 2019 ( Ibisworld, 2020 ). In total, there are over 30,000 sports-betting-related businesses globally
other individuals however, the wide range of betting and gaming activities offered through Internet-enabled devices can transform into a disorder with serious social and psychological consequences ( Deans, Thomas, Daube, & Derevensky, 2016 ). As opposed
Introduction In many countries, smartphone betting apps are now the predominant platform used for sports betting ( Hing, Russell, et al., 2021 , 2022 ; Winters & Derevensky, 2019 ). Within the context of continued increases in sports betting
control group, evidence is provided that consumption of a moderately intoxicating dose of alcohol increases the rate of double-up betting ( Ellery & Stewart, 2014 ). In another recent experimental study using video-lottery terminals, alcohol consumption
collected, discovered that adverts simultaneously aimed to increase the perceived control a gambler has over their betting behaviour whilst also decreasing the perceived risk associated with the behaviour ( Lopez-Gonzalez, Estévez, & Griffiths, 2017 ). This
have been expected. Specifically, they found that fixed-odds (i.e., sports gambling propositions that are selected prior to the start of a contest where the odds are set at the time the bet is placed) bettors made about 2.5 bets of 4 euros every fourth
