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I Preliminary: corpus, charter structure, methodology The definite articles of the Romance languages emerged from demonstratives in the 8th century. 1 This process can be described as a competition between ille and ipse. There are regions where
“But if we died with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with him… For the death that he died, he died unto sin once: but the life that he liveth, he liveth unto God.” The antithesis in the Epistle of Paul to the Romans enjoyed great popularity in medieval literature, specifically amongst monastic authors. Dezső Pais and János Bollók observed a striking parallel between the biblical passage and the conclusion of the Gesta Hungarorum. János Győry explained the resemblance with the literary impact of the 12th-century Gesta consulum Andegavorum on the anonymous author of the Gesta Hungarorum. On the other hand, the quotation could have been borrowed from a letter by Paulinus of Nola. Another source from early medieval Hungary, the arenga of the charter of hermit Andreas (1130-1140) contains a paraphrased version of the passage, now openly articulating monastic ideals: Ut mortuus seculo, solus soli viveret Deo. The same wording was preserved in a homily for the feast of Saint Blaise attributed to abbot Gottfried of Admont (dG1165) and an antiphon which represents a liturgical tradition originating in Rheinau. Considering the 12th-century political relationship between Admont and Hungary, it is very likely that the charter of Andreas testifies about the impact of the Admont school on Hungarian monasteries.
can primarily rely on Latin charters that also include vulgar (Hungarian) language elements (mostly toponyms and personal names). These charters make up the first remnants of Hungarian written culture using Latin script. They include founding charters
://mi.btk.mta.hu/hu/ars-hungarica) Gulyás 2013b Gulyás , Borbála : Bocskay György kalligráfus oklevelei a Habsburg házassági diplomácia szolgálatában [The calligraphic charters produced by
Abstract:
This paper intends to investigate the development of the periphrastic form for the dative and genitive in the Merovingian charters. The periphrastic forms are reserved in Classical Latin to some special uses: the indirect object after a verb that has the prefix ad- and the partitive function of the genitive they replace. These forms extend to new uses in the Late Latin and are the new majoritarian form for the indirect object, but remain a minoritarian variant for the functions of the classical genitive. The genitival functions adapt to new forms of expression: the periphrastic form and a fixed position in the sentence immediately after the noun, its complete. This paper tries to show and to corroborate by means of statistics and chosen examples of the 7th and 8th centuries the development of these forms, which were still rare in the classical period.
Metamorphoses
The recent conservation-restoration in the ‘Hungarian Versailles’
Hírek (23 July 2014), bme.hu/hirek/20140723/Az_epiteszet_nem_formai_esztetikai_hanem_tarsadalmi_kerdesekre_keresi_a_valaszt, accessed 22 November 2023. Athens Charter , ICOMOS, icomos.org/en/charters-and-texts/ 179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters
The monastery of Csorna (modern Western Hungary), which belonged to the Premonstratensian order and was established circa 1180, received the gift including the copies of the valuable charters from the archive of the Benedictine monastery of Hradisko ( Monasterium Gradicense ) in the vicinity of Olmütz/Olomouc. The earliest original of these charters dates from 1078. There are some documents written in Czech in this collection. The author of the article presents the textual and linguistic analysis of the oldest Czech charter dating from 1398.
Many fragments of municipal charters are known from the Roman Empire; however, they are very unevenly distributed in time and space. The major fragments come from South-Italy and especially Spain, and date from the 1 st century BC and 1 st century
appearing in medieval written sources, as he thought that the Hungarian authors of these charters often used Hungarian name forms even when writing about a German settlement. According to him, writers of these charters did not use Hungarian name forms
Langó P. 2006 Régészeti és okleveles adatok a Jászság 10–15. századi településtörténetéhez (Archaeological and charter data for the Jazygian settlemental history in the 10th–15th century). Tisicum 15, 77
