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alone and in combination as well ( Kim et al., 1995 ). Collagen-lysozyme was found to be effective in suppressing bacteria on salmon ( Wang et al., 2017 ). Lysozyme, 0.5% solution, was able to reduce surface spoilage of carp ( Palotás et al., 2020

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. 4. Callewaert , L. , Michiels , C. W. ( 2010 ) Lysozymes in the animal kingdom . J. Biosci. 35 , 127 – 160 . 5

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Acta Biologica Hungarica
Authors:
Márta Kotormán
,
Zita Kelemen
,
Phanindra Babu Kasi
, and
János Nemcsók

mediated amyloidogenesis of lysozyme . Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 83 , 315 – 325 . 4. Cornejo , A. , Aguilar Sandoval , F. , Caballero , L. , Machuca , L. , Muñoz , P

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Daffre, S., Kylsten, P., Samakovlis, C., Hultmark, D. (1994) The lysozyme locus in Drosophila melanogaster : an expanded gene family adapted for expression in the digestive tract. Mol. Gen. Genet. 242 , 152

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2794 Russell, V. W., Dunn, P. E. (1991) Lysozyme in the midgut of Manduca sexta during metamorphosis. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 17 , 67-80. Lysozyme in the

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Acta Biologica Hungarica
Authors:
Á. Hegyi
,
B. Urbányi
,
M. Kovács
,
K. Lefler
,
J. Gál
,
Gy. Hoitsy
, and
Á. Horváth

2004 239 509 529 Demers, N. E., Bayne, C. J. (1997) The immediate effects of stress on hormones and plasma lysozyme in

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Acta Biologica Hungarica
Authors:
Márta Kotormán
,
Alexandra Varga
,
Phanindra Babu Kasi
, and
János Nemcsók

curcumin on the amyloid fibrillogenesis of hen egg-white lysozyme . Biophys. Chem. 144 , 78 – 87 . 37. Waterhouse , A. L. ( 2002 ) Determination of Total

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material were fixed with 100% methanol and air-dried. If Gram-positive cocci were seen, permeabilization was performed for 5 min with a lysis buffer containing 1 mg/mL lysozyme and 2 μg/mL lysostaphine in 10 mM Tris HCl at 46 °C. No lysis was necessary for

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mechanisms include the release of granules containing proteins with antimicrobial and degradative properties, including defensins, lysozyme, lactoferrin, gelatinases, elastase, and cathepsin-G [ 52 ]. Among the most prominent mechanisms, we can find

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Abstract

A reliable and complete inactivation is an indispensable premise for any concentration of rickettsiae or for the development of diagnostic strategies based on their antigens. This study deals with the testing of methods to inactivate rickettsiae.

Rickettsia honei was used as a model organism. The inactivating potency of formalin, Qiagen® antiviral lysozyme (AVL) buffer, heating to 56 °C, and β-propiolactone was analyzed in cell culture.

The inactivation limits for rickettsiae were 0.1% formalin about 10 min, Qiagen AVL buffer about 5 min, 56 °C about 5 min, 0.125% β-propiolactone about 1 h, and 0.0125% β-propiolactone overnight. The interpretation was limited by cytotoxic effects of the inactivation procedures and by the culturally achievable rickettsial density in the cell culture supernatants that were used for the inactivation experiments.

Reliable modes of inactivation were identified, allowing for the secure handling of rickettsial antigens for diagnostic purposes.

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