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& Lotsof, 2007 ). Despite the legal restrictions on ibogaine in the U.S. and internationally, several clinical outcome studies have been conducted. For example, in a 1999 case series, 33 individuals were treated for opioid detoxification in the U
Workaholism and potential outcomes inwell-being and health in a cross-occupational sample Stress & Health 27 e209 e214 . C S
The effect of group-administered psilocybin on psychological flexibility and outcomes Research on the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) has expanded rapidly in the last decade. The FDA has designated breakthrough therapy status for MDMA
2007 Cognitive-behavioral therapy with Internet addicts: Treatment outcomes and implications Cyber-Psychology & Behavior 10 671 679
Abstract
Background and aims
While the relationships between video game use and negative consequences are debated, the relationships between video game addiction and negative consequences are fairly well established. However, previous studies suffer from methodological weaknesses that may have caused biased results. There is need for further investigation that benefits from the use of methods that avoid omitted variable bias.
Methods
Two wave panel data was used from two surveys of 1,928 Norwegian adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. The surveys included measures of video game use, video game addiction, depression, heavy episodic drinking, academic achievement, and conduct problems. The data was analyzed using first-differencing, a regression method that is unbiased by time invariant individual factors.
Results
Video game addiction was related to depression, lower academic achievement, and conduct problems, but time spent on video games was not related to any of the studied negative outcomes.
Discussion
The findings were in line with a growing number of studies that have failed to find relationships between time spent on video games and negative outcomes. The current study is also consistent with previous studies in that video game addiction was related to other negative outcomes, but it made the added contribution that the relationships are unbiased by time invariant individual effects. However, future research should aim at establishing the temporal order of the supposed causal effects.
Conclusions
Spending time playing video games does not involve negative consequences, but adolescents who experience problems related to video games are likely to also experience problems in other facets of life.
cooperativeness) were found in Sg3, while more impaired ones, as high harm avoidance, were found in Sg1 ( Munguía et al., 2021 ). However, the relationship between ER and treatment outcome was not explored in this previous study. ER also plays an
program for adolescents. We assumed, that patients treated with PROTECT+ would show a significant reduction in IUD symptom severity after 12 months (primary outcome measure). Furthermore, it was hypothesized, that participants would also show a significant
et al., 2019 ; Petry et al., 2005 ; Vaddiparti & Cottler, 2017 ) which have been associated with worse treatment outcomes ( Stevens, King, Dorstyn, & Delfabbro, 2019 ). However, not all risk factors are individual, there are factors directly related
about how outcomes are determined randomly and the low probability of winning. Others include strategies for gambling within financial limits, budget management, and myths and misconceptions related to gambling games ( Keen et al., 2016 ; Ladouceur et
, Lawrence, & Rikkers, 2019 ). Influence of compulsive sexual behavior on substance use outcomes Research generally suggests positive effects of inpatient treatment for a variety of SUDs including alcohol, cannabis, and opioids ( American Addiction Centers
