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Abstract
A series of polyamide 6 nanocomposites (NC) and PA6/TPU/clay nanocomposite blends (NCB) were prepared from commercial polyamide 6, synthesized thermoplastic polyurethanes and two types of organically modified montmorillonites - Cloisite® 10A and Cloisite® 20A. The thermal behavior was examined by non-isothermal thermogravimetry (TG, DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). It has been proved that the thermal stability and tensile properties of these new systems were greater when the organoclay was present within the polymer matrix. What more these properties depend on both the OMMT loading and the type of the gallery cations of organically modified montmorillonites.
Introduction Aliphatic polyamides such as PA6, PA66, and PA1010 possess a favorable balance of physical and chemical properties, which has been widely used as engineering materials [ 1 – 3 ]. However, their thermal stability is
Abstract
Equilibrium melting temperatures and crystallization parameters of polyamide 6/polyurethane blends were investigated. Thermal properties of the crystalline phase of blends obtained from polyamide 6 and polyurethane containing 40 wt% of hard segments, are only limited influenced by the overall blend compositon. Because from separate measurements single glass transitions for all samples were estimated, so in the investigated case the blending process may occur mainly between amorphous fraction of polyamide 6 and the polyurethane or, what is more probable, the polyurethane phase is dispersed in the continuous polyamide matrix, although some interactions exist.
Abstract
Our X-ray work of Dytek-A, 2-methyl-pentamethylenediamine, containing polyamides shows polymorphism, whereas the polyamides with linear diamines do not. The polyamide of Dytek-A and dodecanedioic acid, MPMD-12, is singled out for discussion and compared with the unbranched analogs of polyamides 6,12 and 5,12. Due to the presence of the -CH3 side group in the 2-position of the diamine, the polyamide MPMD-12 exhibits two stable crystal conformations. The new δ polymorph is not seen in linear polyamides 6,12 and 5,12. Studies by DSC polyamide MPMD-12 clearly illustrates at least two crystal forms, γ and δ, coexisting over a wide temperature range, and the isolation of each phase is possible by controlling temperature and time. The DMA modulus in the temperature region between the glass transition (or alpha relaxation) and melting transition shows strong dependence on the thermal history as demonstrated in a study of crystallization kinetics.
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the ionizing radiation effects on thermal properties of there cycled polyamide-6. This polymer was irradiated with an electron beam of 1.5 MeV with different doses. The thermal properties of the samples were determined by TG, DSC and DMA measurements. It was observed that the irradiated samples of recycled polyamide-6undergo a crosslinking process.
Abstract
Blends obtained from polyamide 6 and polyester or polyether polyurethanes were investigated by means of DMTA. The blends were prepared by compounding in a twin-screw Brabender —Plasticorder. Changes in composition did not influence the glass temperature of the amorphous fraction of the polyamide, but also no distinct transition for separated polyurethane soft segment was visible. Therefore the blends seem to be multiphase systems, where the elastomeric polyurethane phase is dispersed in a continuous polyamide phase. From changes in the β relaxation region of the polyamide better miscibility of polyester polyurethanes comparing to polyether polyurethanes was explained by hydrogen bonding in the common amorphous phase.
Abstract
Dyeing fibers at low temperatures has many advantages such as savings in energy and avoiding alterations to the physical properties of the fibers being dyed or other fibers also present in blends. The problem of low temperature dyeing in synthetic fibers is that it difficults the dye diffusion into the fiber. In the case of polyamide 6.6 microfibers, by using benzyl alcohol as an auxiliary dyeing, it was shown that good diffusion was obtained for the dye exhaustion with metal complex dyes at temperatures more than 30C below the normal dyeing temperature for the dye exhaustion with metal complex dyes. Using thermal analysis methods these results were shown to be caused by the lowering of the T g of the fiber when in the presence of benzyl alcohol.
Abstract
The temperature dependence investigated by means of DMTA of dynamic storage modulusE′, dynamic loss modulus E″ and loss tangent tgδ of blends obtained from polyamide 6 and poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-co-β-hydroxyvalerate) (Biopol D600G) indicated, that the dynamic mechanical properties of the blends containing up to 40% Biopol D600G are governed by the properties of polyamide 6. First at the 50% Biopol D600G content in the blend the transitions of the Biopol phase become visible and dominant. The shifts of the loss modulus maxima of the blends might indicate some interactions between the blend components in the amorphous phase.
Abstract
The TG studies are presented for isomers of benzimidazolyl-substituted polyamides (BIPA). The TG data are compared with those polyamides (PA) of identical backbones without substitution, in view of the mechanism of thermal degradation. The TG mass loss curves divided to three temperature ranges reflect the decomposition reactions in the respective temperature ranges: (1) cleavage of single bonds of nitrogen to aromatic ring, (2) random scission of single bonds, (3) condensation of the remained rings. Liberation of benzimidazole rings occurs in the temperature range (2). The final product, char, contains benzimidazole rings. Terephthaloyl-rich BIPA's retard liberation of benzimidazole from the decomposed polymer.
Abstract
The DSC method was used to obtain more information on changes of thermal properties connected with different comonomers bound in the (co)polymer chains. The copolyamides propered were block ones which were less crystalline and compatible with poly-&-caprolactam. The results have confirmed the crystalline nature of polyamides and copolyamides.
