Search Results
). Screening instruments for IUD Despite the constant development and publication of new screening instruments, the optimal assessment of IUD is still unclear. Most screening instruments suffer from an insufficient conceptual or methodological
prevalence estimates vary greatly depending on the screening instrument used ( Stevens et al., 2021 ). At present, the landscape of instruments is manifold. Most measures are based on DSM-5 criteria for Internet gaming disorder and none seems clearly
, 2017 ). Since the ICD-11 will come into effect in January 2022, an instrument to assess GD in young gamers by parental ratings is urgently needed. To the best of our knowledge, despite clinical and research needs, no validated GD screening instrument
” or “disordered” gamers using one of the many available screening instruments that have been created over the last two decades ( King et al., 2020 ). Some commentators have criticized the evidence as “weak” ( van Rooij et al. 2018 , p. 6), and raised
as a screening instrument for problematic and disordered Internet use. Baseline interviews Of 3.078 students with a CIUS sum score ≥ 21(=positive screening), 1.475 agreed to be contacted for further telephone-based diagnostic interviews (=Baseline
compulsive sexual behaviors (CSBs) and present a need for full clinician-based screening for CSBD. Even so, this scale is lengthy at 19 items and is slightly complex to score given the subscales, which may preclude its use as a brief screening instrument in
Background: Over three hundred million people worldwide were estimated to be become diabetic by year 2025. The rates of both obesity and malnutrition are on the increase worlwide. The goal of this study was to describe the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in persons with diabetes mellitus. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional analysis of BMI and peripheral neuropathy was conducted among one hundred and twenty diabetic subjects, who were grouped based on presence or absence of DPN. Ninety of the diabetic persons had peripheral neuropathy, while thirty of the diabetic persons had no neuropathy. DPN was determined only by clinical assessment using an aspect of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Result: The two groups were not different in BMI, total cholesterol and high density lipoproteins (HDL). The group without peripheral neuropathy had better glycaemic control; HB A1C = 5.9 ± 2.5 (%), shorter mean duration of diabetes = 5.3 ± 3.6 years and younger age. More of those with peripheral neuropathy were underweight (six compared to none ‘0’ of those without neuropathy). Similar result was obtained for morbid obesity ‘class 3’, although BMI had no significant effect on DPN after controlling for age, duration of DM and glycaemic control. Discussion and conclusion: Obesity is an index of insulin resistance which may account for poor glycaemic control and predispose to peripheral neuropathy and other complications. Weight loss depicts severity of type 1 DM which may account for complications. This pattern also depicts the trend in a sub-Saharan African city like ours with uneven distribution of wealth and resources hence the poor result in both the underweight and obese class 3.
A depresszió klinikai képe és differenciáldiagnosztikája időskorban
Clinical picture and differential diagnosis of depression in old age
screening instrument for depression in elderly medical inpatients. BMJ 1992; 305(6850): 397. 40 Bird AS, MacDonald AJ, Mann AH, et al. Preliminary
Abstract
Aims
This article addresses the stable tendency of excessive and compulsive working (i.e., workaholism). The main aim is to provide an updated oversight of the research area related to definition, prevalence, assessment, causes, outcomes, intervention as well as proposed future research directions. The target-population is both researchers and clinicians.
Methods
The findings are identified by narratively reviewing the literature.
Results
Research into workaholism has expanded over the last two decades. Several screening instruments to identify workaholics have been developed. The vast majority of these are based on seemingly atheoretical foundations, lacking convergent validity with each other and with related constructs. Research generally shows that workaholism is related to impaired health and well-being as well as to conflicts between work and family life. Workaholism is probably caused and maintained by a range of factors, although solid empirical underpinnings for suggested antecedents are currently sparse. So far no well-evaluated interventions for workaholism exist.
Conclusions
At present, workaholism as a construct lacks conceptual and empirical clarity. Future research efforts should prioritize longitudinal studies as well as studies incorporating unbiased, firm parameters of both health and behavior.
Background
Behavioral addictions often onset in adolescence and increase the risk of psychological and social problems later in life. The core symptoms of addiction are tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, lack of control, and compulsive occupation with the behavior. Psychometrically validated tools are required for detection and early intervention. Adolescent screening instruments exist for several behavioral addictions including gambling and video gaming addiction but not for exercise addiction. Given recent empirical and clinical evidence that a minority of teenagers appear to be experiencing exercise addiction, a psychometrically robust screening instrument is required.
Aims
The aim of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a youth version of the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) – a robust screening instrument that has been used across different countries and cultures – and to assess the prevalence of exercise addiction and associated disturbed eating.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was administered to three high-risk samples (n = 471) aged 11–20 years (mean age: 16.3 years): sport school students, fitness center attendees, and patients with eating disorder diagnoses. A youth version of the EAI (EAI-Y) was developed and distributed. Participants were also screened for disordered eating with the SCOFF Questionnaire.
Results
Overall, the EAI-Y demonstrated good reliability and construct validity. The prevalence rate of exercise addiction was 4.0% in school athletes, 8.7% in fitness attendees, and 21% in patients with eating disorders. Exercise addiction was associated with feelings of guilt when not exercising, ignoring pain and injury, and higher levels of body dissatisfaction.
