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.03.012 . 2. Picardeau M . Virulence of the zoonotic agent of leptospirosis: still terra incognita? Nat Rev Microbiol . 2017 ; 15 : 297 – 307 . doi: 10
AC , Yu WH , The human oral microbiome . J Bacteriol 2010 ; 192 : 5002 – 5017 . 10.1128/JB.00542-10 [4] Huang R , Li M , Gregory R . Bacterial interactions in dental biofilm . Virulence 2011 ; 2 : 435 – 444 . 10.4161/viru.2
-branches [ 10–14 ]. The virulence of B. anthracis is based on an antiphagocytic poly-gamma- d -glutamic acid capsule, an exotoxin complex (lethal toxin and oedema toxin), and exoproteases that can lyse macrophages and release interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour
globally and locally opening. In the case of some clinically important species such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa , comparative studies are available regarding virulence factors, genomic diversity [ 1 ], or antibiotic resistance of strains isolated from
virulence of the bacterial pathogens and can cause significant damage to the host [ 96 ]. Relating the role of Chlamydia in the biofilm form with Borrelia could suggest that they have a symbiotic relation. In summary, our data provides strong
], as well as against Streptococcus mutans [ 4 ]. Notably, in vitro studies revealed that the expression of distinct virulence factors in Porphyromonas gingivalis , as well as bacterial growth, could be inhibited by vitamin D application [ 25
virulence of the virus, on crowded places, on the hygiene and behaviour of the person, and on co-infection with other pathogens [ 18 ]. Diagnosis Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and demonstration of the virus RNA. Detecting antibodies generated
virulence of the virus, on crowded places, on the hygiene and behaviour of the person, and on co-infection with other pathogens [ 18 ]. Diagnosis Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and demonstration of the virus RNA. Detecting antibodies generated
Discussion Emerging evidence indicates that Pg has a more complex relationship with the host. It is not only considered as the most virulent periopathogen but rather a “key-stone pathogen” possessing an array of virulence factors and the potential
antimicrobial effect of blue light: What are behind? Virulence . 2017 ; 8 : 649 – 52 . doi: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1276691 . 9. Dai T , Hamblin MR
