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proportionality with respect to maximal plasma concentrations and area under the plasma concentration–time curve was demonstrated across a dose range of 300 to 900 mg twice daily, with 600-mg twice daily being recommended for further phase 2 studies on the basis
mortality in Philadelphia associated with daily air pollution concentrations. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1992, 145 , 600–604. Dockery D. W. Increased mortality in Philadelphia associated with
[ 1 ]. Lutein is found in a number of human tissues but the highest concentration of these carotenoids (0.1–1 mM) is found in the human retina [ 2 ]. In the human eye, lutein and zeaxanthin are specifically located at the center of the retina
we found significantly elevated PACAP concentrations in the colostrum samples compared to transitional and mature milk [ 9–11 ]. PACAP is present in the milk whey of small ruminants at concentrations 5–20 times higher than in the plasma, and does not
, H. , Zarco , L. , Ducoing , A. , Flores , G. and Valencia , J. ( 1990 ): Effect of time and temperature of incubation of heparinized caprine blood on concentrations of progesterone detected in plasma. . Theriogenology 33 , 749 – 755
pathogenic bacteria surviving in the intestine, depending on the sensitivity to glyphosate. Regarding a ruminal setting, these findings could not be confirmed [ 19 ]. Shehata et al. [ 20 ] determined differing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for
A novel micromixer concept for generation of concentration gradients, inspired by a Chinese design, the traditional Chinese knot “中国结”, which features a core mesh structure allowing for a very compact design, is presented. The new concept has been designed using modern computer-aided design (CAD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation software and validated by performing multiple experiments. The final design is found to be significantly more compact than conventional ones and allows the use of up to 15 outlet channels.
Polyphenol compounds in grapes and wines are of paramount importance: they have a key role in determining wine quality, and also the beneficial health effects of moderate red wine consumption are well-known. The polyphenol concentration of wines is determined mostly by: a) their concentration in the grapes and b) the production technology, particularly the time and type of aging. Our goal was to determine the trans-resveratrol and anthocyanin contents of Hungarian red wines under different manufacturing conditions, by monitoring the 24-month aging process – using barrique and oak barrels – with semi-annual sampling, without considering vintage. We have chosen to determine polyphenol components that could originate from either the grapes, or be produced during the wooden barrel aging. Both the aging time and the wine variety had non-negligible effects on the changes in the concentrations of the studied components, whereas the wooden barrel type had not.
The lactic acid bacteria are key microorganisms for the production and preservation of fermented dairy products, cheeses, sourdough bread, and lacto-fermented vegetables. This study was developed to monitor lactic acid produced by Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393, as single strains and combined, in fermenting media by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy coupled to multivariate statistical analysis. Media containing different mixtures of carbohydrates were chosen as model fermenting media for monitoring lactic acid concentration by infrared spectroscopy, due to the fact that vegetable and animal food matrices could contain different carbohydrates as carbon sources. Three different types of media were obtained by adding different carbohydrates to a basic MRS medium. HPLC was used as reference method for lactic acid quantification. The calibration set (n=36) was used for building model, while a validation set (n=13) for testing the robustness of the developed model. The coefficients of determination between predicted and reference values were 0.986 and 0.965, while root mean square error for calibration and validation sets recorded values of 0.127 and 0.263 g·l−1, respectively. Results confirmed the efficiency of FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistics, as a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective tool for routine monitoring of lactic acid.
early in 1986 a careful experimental study to clarify the behavior of pool boiling heat transfer using dispersed alumina solid particles with a dilute concentration between 0.1-0.5 wt.%. Their results demonstrated an enhancement in pool boiling heat
