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Introduction Chemometrics observes each process as a system consisting of certain elements. By applying Design of Experiments (DoE) it is possible to change several factors simultaneously, performing a relatively small
samples and pharmaceutical preparations have been described in the literature, with the most recent method including HPLC, LC-MS, spectrophotometric, IR spectroscopic and fluorescence polarization immunoassay methods [ 5–11 ]. Design of Experiments (DoE
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) offers a new instrument for food scientists to evaluate different aspects of food products. The possible applications range from product design testing, evaluation of the labels, effects of different placements or the evaluation of store layouts. These analyses help us to get a deeper understanding of consumers' minds. Additionally, VR can be coupled by several different tools (e.g. eye-trackers or skin conductance sensors or even electroencephalographs). However, as there have been only a limited number of applications published, there are several open questions which need to be answered. In the presented paper the authors aim i) to introduce the current knowledge on VR applications in food science by introducing several fields of applications and ii) to point out the most important questions regarding the applications of VR in food science.
(40:60, % v/v ) to final concentration of 0.1 mg mL −1 . Mixed solution was prepared from equal quantities of final acid and alkaline neutralized degradation solutions. Blank solutions were also prepared during analysis. 2.5 Design of experiments (DoE
the HPLC unit. The HF was disposed after single use. A multi-stirrer (model GLHPS-G) purchased from Global Lab (South Korea) was used. 2.6. Design of Experiments In order to confirm the optimum conditions
this research, closed cell aluminum foam specimens have been manufactured by direct foaming considering the Taguchi design of experiments (DOE) principles. The average pore size and the porous area of the samples have been determined through image
buffer (30:70, v/v ), at pH 6, using 1 mL/min. as a flow rate, and 270 nm as a detection wavelength; where: (a) SUL, (b) MET, (c) DOM Design of experiment Application of OFAT to optimize chromatographic separation, where every factor was studied solitary
advantage over design of experiments (DoEs) and statistical screening for method parameter operational space towards method robustness considerations. AQbD takes into consideration both scientific facts and quality control requirements, so its application to
A process comprising a continuous-flow hydrogenation reaction integrated with selective water-organic solvent biphasic extraction using CO2 as molecular switch to control partitioning was devised for the synthesis of arylpiperidines from arylpyridines. The selective hydrogenation of 4-phenylpyridine using heterogeneous carbon-supported metal catalysts was chosen as model reaction. A design-of-experiment approach was used for the identification of suitable reaction conditions under continuous-flow operation. A maximum selectivity for 4-phenylpiperidine of 96% was achieved at 87% conversion suppressing the deep hydrogenation to 4-cyclohexylpiperidine almost completely (≤5%). The higher basicity of piperidines over pyridines was exploited for selective and reversible protonation of the product upon pressurization with CO2 separating it quantitatively from the remaining starting material in a water—EtOAc biphasic system. This concept enabled a fully integrated and a salt-free synthetic process using a standard Pd/C catalyst for the hydrogenation coupled with the CO2-triggered isolation of the desired product 4-phenylpiperidine in 81% yield and 98% purity.
using the design of experiment to have an optimized formulation. Also, the intratracheal administration of gadolinium-based NPs in bleomycin-induced mouse model along with the application of magnetic resonance imaging have shown a great deal in
