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. Torun , A.A. , Erdem , H. , Çakmak, İ. 2006 . Genotypic variation in tolerance to boron toxicity in 70 durum wheat genotypes . Turkish j. of Agriculture and Forestry 30 : 49 – 58
diversity of an Algerian durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) collection . Journal of Stress Physiology & Biochemistry 7 ( 3 ): 95 – 107 . Brbaklih , L. , Trkulja , D. , Kondih
, R. , Amri , A. 2013 . Genotype x environment interaction and genetic improvement for yield and yield stability of rainfed durum wheat in Iran . Euphytica 192 : 227 – 249
.C. , Peng , J. 2013 . Genetic diversity revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism markers in a worldwide germplasm collection of durum wheat . Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14 : 7061 – 7088
. Bajji , M. , Kinet , J.M. , Lutts S. 2002 . The use of the electrolyte leakage method for assessing cell membrane stability as a water stress tolerance test in durum wheat . Plant Growth Regul. 36 : 61 – 70
. Mohammadi , R. , Amri , A. , Haghparast , R. , Sadeghzadeh , D. , Armion , M. , Ahmadi , M.M. 2009 . Pattern analysis of genotype-by-environment interaction for grain yield in durum wheat . J. Agric. Sci. 147 : 537 – 545
. Peleg , Z. , Cakmak , I. , Ozturk , L. , Yazici , A. , Jun , Y. , Budak , H. , Korol , A.B. , Fahima , T. , Saranga , Y. 2009 . Quantitative trait loci conferring grain mineral nutrient contents in durum wheat × wild emmer
, J. C., Feillet, P. (1987): Genetic and technological basis of protein quality for durum wheat in pasta. pp. 59–71. In: Pattakon, V. (ed.), Proc. EEC Symp. on Protein Evaluation in Cereals and Legumes . Cereal Institute, Thessaloniki, Greece
storage protein composition of Italian durum wheat. J. Cereal Sci. 9 :131–138. Pogna N.E. The breadmaking quality and storage protein composition of Italian durum wheat
Recently, four novel genes named Pinb-2, with 57–60% sequence similarity with wild-type allele Pinb-D1a coding for grain-hardness related puroindoline B have been shown to occur on homoeologous group 7 chromosomes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). In the present report, T. monococcum ssp. monococcum (Am genome) revealed a Pinb-2 gene with a poly-G tract and an in-frame TAG stop codon at the 5′ terminus of the coding DNA sequence. The stop codon was observed in 53 accessions of different geographic origins, suggesting that Pinb-2 in ‘monococcum’ wheat is unlikely to be expressed. By contrast, the coding DNA sequence of Pinb-2 in T. urartu (Au genome) was found to be 99% identical to its counterpart on chromosome 7AL in bread and durum (T. turgidum ssp. durum) wheat. Moreover, a sequence very similar to “urartu” Pinb-2 was found in tetraploid wheat T. timopheevii and hexaploid wheat T. zhukovskyi. This latter species exhibited an additional Pinb-2 pseudogene inherited from T. monococcum. The results are discussed in relation to the lineage of T. zhukovskyi and the potential role of Pin-b2 on kernel texture.
