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can be transferred between bacteria, along with other antibacterial resistance genes and virulence genes ( Leinweber et al., 2018; Pinholt et al., 2019 ). van A plasmids have been characterised in VREfm from wild birds ( Oravcová et al., 2018 ) and
The association between putative virulence genes in Campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates, in vitro invasive capability and severity of infection is yet to be clearly described. We have characterized three virulence genes and correlated their presence with the severity of infection and in vitro invasiveness. We studied eight C. jejuni strains isolated from patients whose clinical data were scored to determine severity of infection. Cytolethal distending toxin (cdtB) , invasion associated marker (iam) and Campylobacter invasion antigen (ciaB) genes were detected by PCR and INT407 cells used for invasion assays. Two strains positive for all three genes were the most invasive and isolated from patients with the most severe infection. Four strains positive for two genes and two strains negative for all the three genes were identified. The two cdtB + ve / ciaB + ve strains were more invasive than the cdtB + ve / iam + ve strains. One of the cdtB − ve / ciaB − ve strains showed invasion levels similar to cdtB + ve / ciaB + ve strains, but the second strain had a non-invasive phenotype. The findings indicate a correlation between in vitro invasive capability, and the presence of all three genes. The pattern of association between invasiveness and molecular characterization suggests that the ciaB gene confers a more invasive capability.
AC , Yu WH , The human oral microbiome . J Bacteriol 2010 ; 192 : 5002 – 5017 . 10.1128/JB.00542-10 [4] Huang R , Li M , Gregory R . Bacterial interactions in dental biofilm . Virulence 2011 ; 2 : 435 – 444 . 10.4161/viru.2
pathogen . J Clin Outcomes Manag 2010 ; 17 : 363 – 369 . [2] Jahangiri S , Malekzadegan Y , Motamedifar M , Hadi N . Virulence genes profile and biofilm formation ability of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from inpatients of a
plays an important role in surface-associated motility and in virulence [ 9 ]. Our aim was to characterize the mechanisms of quinolone resistance and to investigate the presence of the novel abaQ gene among A. baumannii clinical isolates causing VAP
virulence of the virus, on crowded places, on the hygiene and behaviour of the person, and on co-infection with other pathogens [ 18 ]. Diagnosis Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and demonstration of the virus RNA. Detecting antibodies generated
virulence of the virus, on crowded places, on the hygiene and behaviour of the person, and on co-infection with other pathogens [ 18 ]. Diagnosis Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and demonstration of the virus RNA. Detecting antibodies generated
Discussion Emerging evidence indicates that Pg has a more complex relationship with the host. It is not only considered as the most virulent periopathogen but rather a “key-stone pathogen” possessing an array of virulence factors and the potential
] Xie X , Dai X , Ni L , Chen B , Luo Z , Yao Y , et al. Molecular epidemiology and virulence characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in medical laboratory staff: comparison between
virulence and did not cause significant clinical signs. In such cases, disease control measures and immunisation have resulted in an environment that does not favour virus persistence within the herd. In addition to the continuous laboratory testing of
